Ap Human Geo Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Arithmetic density

A

The total number of people divided by the total land area

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2
Q

Physiologic Density

A

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is suitable for agriculture

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3
Q

Agricultural density

A

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

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4
Q

Ecumene

A

land that is permanently populated by human society

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5
Q

Population Density

A

a measurement of population per unit land area.

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6
Q

Scale of Analysis

A

the scale used to analyse the event.

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7
Q

Dot-Density Map

A

show density differences in geographic distributions across a landscape

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8
Q

Aging (Graying Population)

A

when the population has an increase in the number of older people than before.

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9
Q

Social Services

A

government services provided for the benefit of the community, such as education, medical care, and housing.

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10
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.

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11
Q

Sustainable Growth

A

The maximum growth rate that a region can sustain without having to increase resource leverage

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12
Q

Age-Sex Ratio

A

A model used in population geography that describes the ages and numbers of males and females within a given population

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13
Q

Age-Sex Chart (population pyramid)

A

the distribution of a population by age and sex.

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14
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

the percentage of people within a population who are either too young or too old to work and must therefore be supported by the labor of working adults within that population

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15
Q

Cohorts

A

a population group that’s distinguished by a certain characteristic

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16
Q

Ethnic and Racial Groups

A

A Certain Ethnicity/Race within a population

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17
Q

Fertility Rate

A

average number of children born to women during their reproductive years

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18
Q

Mortality Rate

A

a measure of the number of deaths in a particular population/time/period.

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19
Q

Birth Rate

A

the number of live births per thousand of population per year.

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20
Q

Death Rate

A

the ratio of deaths to the population of a particular area or during a particular period of time, usually calculated as the number of deaths per one thousand people per year.

21
Q

Population Doubling Time

A

the amount of time it takes for the population of a region to double

22
Q

Demographic Transition Model

A

suggest that a country’s total population growth rate cycles through stages as that country develops economically.

23
Q

Epidemiological Transition

A

describes changing patterns of population distributions in relation to changing patterns of mortality, fertility, life expectancy, and leading causes of death.

24
Q

Rate of Natural Increase

A

the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a year

25
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

Best known for his theory that population growth will always tend to outrun the food supply and that betterment of humankind is impossible without strict limits on reproduction

26
Q

Malthusian Theory

A

the human population grows more rapidly than the food supply until famines, war or disease reduces the population

27
Q

Neo-Malthusian

A

a concern that overpopulation as well as overconsumption may increase resource depletion and/or environmental degradation will lead to ecological collapse or other hazards.

28
Q

Ester Boserup

A

population growth is independent of food supply and that population increase is a cause of changes in agriculture

29
Q

Karl Marx

A

a social, economic and political philosophy that analyses the impact of the ruling class on the laborers, leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges in the society

30
Q

Pronatalist policies

A

policies which are designed with the purpose of increasing the birth rate/fertility rate of an area

31
Q

Anti-natalist policies

A

policies that encourage people to plan smaller families, lower fertility rates and reduce the number of births.

32
Q

Immigration policies

A

all those measures by which a state regulates the influx of persons, in particular those who want to establish residence in their territory either temporarily or permanently.

33
Q

Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration

A

A theory/law that was made by ravenstein’s that migration will only occur in small distances rather than to a large extend of distance.

34
Q

Life expectancy

A

A statistic measure that measures an estimate of a individual span of life within a certain region.

35
Q

Youth population

A

those people aged less than 15

36
Q

Migration

A

The movement of a person or people from one country, locality, place of residence, etc., to settle in another

37
Q

Push factors / types

A

Factors/Types are poor reasons that could “Push” a certain individual out of there region to live a better lifestyle.

38
Q

Pull Factors/Types

A

Factor/Types that “Pulls” in a certain individual to a region, Providing reasons to migrating/settling to a certain country.

39
Q

Intervening Opportunity

A

a feature (usually economic) that causes a migrant to choose a destination other than his original one, hinders a migrants migration.

40
Q

Intervening Obstacle

A

factors that cause migrants challenges or prevent them from reaching their goal.

41
Q

Forced migration

A

a migratory movement which, although the drivers can be diverse, involves force, compulsion, or coercion

42
Q

Slavery

A

a condition in which one human being was owned by another

43
Q

Chain Migration

A

a situation in which migrants from a particular place follow other migrants to a particular destination.

44
Q

Transhumance

A

the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle

45
Q

Guest Worker

A

foreign national who is permitted to live and work temporarily in a host country

46
Q

Transnational migration

A

a form of migration where a person maintains significant ties to two nations at the same time

47
Q

Asylum

A

the protection granted by a nation to someone who has left their native country as a political refugee.

48
Q

Voluntary Migration

A

A voluntary movement that an individual moment chooses to leave their home region by volunteer.

49
Q

The Great Migration

A

the movement of some six million African Americans from rural areas of the Southern states of the United States to urban areas in the Northern states between 1916 and 1970