ENT and Respiratory

Question 1

Differences Between Pedi and Adult

Answer 1

Trachea is shorter, diameter of the airway is much smaller

Question 2

Acute Otitis Media Pathophysiology

Answer 2

Infection of the middle ear

Question 3

Acute Otitis Media Causes

Answer 3

Viral URI

Question 4

Acute Otitis Media Signs and Symptoms

Answer 4

Severe pain in the ear from the pressure of fluid, red bulging tympanic membrane, fever, irritability, lethargy, poor feeding/lack of appetite

Question 5

Acute Otitis Media Treatment

Answer 5

ABX for infection

Question 6

Acute Otitis Media Nursing Management

Answer 6

Pain relief: analgesics, hot/cold, numbing ear drops, facilitate drainage, sit baby up while feeding

Question 7

Myringotomy

Answer 7

Pressure equalizing tubes that allow for fluid removal, typically fall out on their own within a year, hearing should be normal and ear infections should be reduced

Question 8

Myringotomy Post Op Care

Answer 8

Ear drops, avoid water in ears, ear plugs as recommended

Question 9

Myringotomy Prevention

Answer 9

Sit or hold the infant upright during feedings, avoid pacifier use, eliminate tobacco smoke and allergens

Question 10

Serous Otitis Media Signs and Symptoms

Answer 10

Pain, yellow/green purulent malodorous drainage, dull/opaque tympanic membrane, fluid line and air bubbles along tympanic membrane

Question 11

Tonsillitis, Adenoiditis, Pharyngitis

Answer 11

Fever, sore throat, snoring, malaise, difficulty swallowing, recurring infection, SOB, enlarged and red tonsils

Question 12

Tonsilitis, Adenoiditis, and Pharyngitis Nursing Management

Answer 12

Saline gargles, analgesics, throat lozenges, cool mist humidifier, hydration with cool liquids, ABX if bacterial

Question 13

Post Op Care Tonsillectomy’s and Adenoidectomy’s

Answer 13

Bleeding: frequent swallowing, nausea, blood dripping from mouth
Have soft, cool liquids/foods, avoid dry/ crunchy foods

Question 14

Croup

Answer 14

Viral, hoarse, fever, barking cough, humidifier

Question 15

Epilottitis

Answer 15

Bacterial, dysphagia, drooling, dysphonia, distressed breathing, antibiotics, progresses fast

Question 16

Bronchitis

Answer 16

inflammation of the lining of the trachea and bronchial tubes

Question 17

Bronchiolitits

Answer 17

Inflammation of the smaller airways at the bronchiolar level, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Question 18

RSV in Young Children

Answer 18

Tachypena, tachycardia, wheezing, crackles, retractions, cyanosis, difficulty feeding

Question 19

Allergic Rhinitits

Answer 19

Caused by seasonal allergies, nasal congestion and discharge, itchiness of nose, eyes, and pharynx, dry throat, watery eyes
Antihistamines

Question 20

Pneumonia

Answer 20

high fever, cough, retractions, nasal flaring, rapid shallowing breathing, abnormal breath sounds, chest pain, pallor
Droplet precautions
Treatments: bronchodilators, corticosteroids, beta-anatogonists, antivirals

Question 21

Respiratory Distress Assessment

Answer 21

Changes in airway sounds, changes in skin color, changes mental status

Question 22

Respiratory Distress Signs and Symptoms

Answer 22

Tachypena, abnormal breath sounds, tachycardia, pallor, cool skin, changes in LOC

Question 23

Respiratory Distress Nursing Interventions

Answer 23

Humidified oxygen, IV fluids, chest physiotherapy

Question 24

Asthma

Answer 24

Chronic reactive airway disorder involving episodic, reversible airway obstruction from bronchospasm

Question 25

Asthma Treatment

Answer 25

Rescue medicine is always SABA (albuterol), secondary corticosteroid

Question 26

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 26

Hereditary lung disorders with chronic congestion and malabsorption

Question 27

Cystic Fibrosis Signs and Symptoms

Answer 27

Abdominal pain, difficulty passing stool, clubbing of fingers, barrel chest, tachypnea, cyanosis, productive cough, mild diarrhea with maldorous stool, steatorrhea

Question 28

Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis

Answer 28

Sweat tests

Question 29

Cystic Fibrosis Treatment and Nursing Care

Answer 29

Chest PT at least 2x a day to shake up sputum, prophylactic antibiotics, high calorie, high protein, high carb

Question 30

Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF)

Answer 30

Abnormal connection between esophagus and trachea