Peripheral Vascular Diseases Flashcards
PVD vs. PAD
only called PAD when arteries are affected
patho of PVD
–related to atherosclerosis processes in the extremities
risk factors of PVD/PAD
–smoking**
–diabetes
–high cholesterol
–heart disease
–stroke
–increased age > 50
etiology of PVD/PAD
–atherosclerosis (most common)
–thrombus
–inflammation (thromboangitis obliterans)
–vasospasm (Raynaud’s)
thromboangitis obliterans
inflammatory condition of the arteries
symptoms of PVD/PAD
–pain (calf, buttock pain)
–numbness/burning
–heaviness
–intermittent claudication
–wounds that don’t heal
–diminished sensation in extremities
–trophic skin changes
trophic skin changes
–shiny, thick toenails
–loss of leg hair
–diminished pulses
–elevation pallor, cyanosis
–reactive hyperemia
–erectile dysfunction
intermittent claudication
–consistent pain precipitated by consistent level of exercise
–ceases with rest
–caused by ischemic tissue
what does pain depend on with intermittent claudication?
–site of plaque build up
–collateral circulation
diagnosis of intermittent claudication
patient can usually describe walking a certain distance when pain starts
common site for PAD
femoral artery
symptoms of PAD in femoral artery
–pain
–decreased pulse
–coolness of leg
–pallor of leg
–loss of sensation in foot
etiology of PAD in femoral artery
–ischemia of muscle in lower leg
–cellular hypoxia
5 P’s of PVD/PAD
(1) pain
(2) pulselessness
(3) palpable coolness
(4) paresthesias
(5) paresis (weakness)
ankle-brachial index
–comparison of the BP in the leg v. the arm
–normal: ankle pressure is greater than brachial pressure