Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tort

A

A Tort is committed when one person causes injury to another, harming their person, property or reputation.

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2
Q

The Nature of Torts

A
  1. Intentional – compensates a plaintiff for something done to them with a level of intent
  2. Negligence – the tortfeasor did not intend to cause harm but failed to act reasonably, thereby causing harm (Chapter 5)
  3. Strict Liability – the tortfeasor didn’t intend to cause harm and wasn’t negligent, but legislation imposes immediate liability.
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3
Q

Remedies

A

Tort Compensation: “make them whole” - purpose is to get the plaintiff as close as possible to their original, pre-injury position

Types of Compensation:
- General Damages: pain and suffering or for future lost wages (most common)
- Special: reimburse the litigant for expenses or costs incurred before the trial
- Punitive: not to compensate the victim but rather to punish the wrongdoer

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4
Q

Vicarious Liability

A

Not a discrete tort - liability without personal fault

  • Imposed on employers when they are held liable for torts committed by employees during the course of their employment
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5
Q

Intentional Torts

A

Intentional: means that the conduct was intended or deliberate (wilful) as opposed to inadvertent

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6
Q

Assault

A

An intent to cause a reasonable apprehension of immediate or offensive contact

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7
Q

Battery

A

intentionally making unwanted contact with another person (Includes threats)

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8
Q

Defences to Assault & Battery

A

Consent & Self defence

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9
Q

Trespass to Land

A

Being on another’s land without lawful right or the
owner’s permission (Ignorance is not a defence) Occupier owes a no duty of care to trespassers unless they are a minor

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10
Q

Wrongful Interference with Goods

A

Three kinds:

Trespass to chattels
Conversion
Detinue

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11
Q

Trespass to chattels

A

Where the plaintiff has possession that is interfered with physically by the
defendant (Vandalism)

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12
Q

Conversion

A

Involves one person intentionally appropriating the goods of another person for their own
purposes (Theft)

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13
Q

Detinue

A

Where a person is wrongfully retaining goods (May have come into possession of them legally but refuses to return them)

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14
Q

False Imprisonment

A
  • The unlawful and intentional restraint of persons against their will (Defence is citizens arrest)
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15
Q

Malicious Prosecution

A
  • Available to victims of improper use of criminal justice system
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16
Q

Private Nuisance

A

Private nuisance: when a party uses property in such a way that it causes damage to property or interferes with a neighbour’s use or enjoyment of their property (smell of house example)

17
Q

Defamation

A

Defamation: a detrimental false statement about someone; must be published or broadcast

18
Q

Pritchard v. Van Nes

A

Defendant made a number of false Facebook postings (including allegations of pedophilia)
about the Plaintiff, who is a high school teacher.
* Defendant’s Facebook friends added additional false postings and several people shared the
post.
* The Defendant removed the post about 27 hours later but it did not affect the shared copies.
* The post was sent to the principal of the school where the plaintiff taught and the plaintiff
sued for defamation. Obtained default judgement.
Held: Defendant was liable not only for her own defamatory statements, but also for the re-
publications. Awarded $50,000 in general damages and $15,000 in punitive damages.