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art appreciation > (M) L4.2: Art History (Renaissance) > Flashcards

(M) L4.2: Art History (Renaissance) Flashcards

1
Q

This period in European history was the link between the Middle and Modern Ages

A

Renaissance

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2
Q

The Renaissance movement originated in what country in the late middle ages before it spread to Europe?

A

Italy

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3
Q

The French term “Renaissance” means what?

A

Rebirth

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4
Q

What is the Italian term for Renaissance?

A

Rinascimento

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5
Q

Rinascimento means what?

A

“Re” means “again”
“Nascere” means “be born”

“Rinascimento” means “Be Born Again”

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6
Q

This period embraced the following concepts:
- Rebellion of classical-based learning
- Promotion and use of linear perspective in painting
- Educational reform

A

Renaissance

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7
Q

Renaissance scholars employed what method in study along with searching for realism and human emotion in art?

A

Humanist

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8
Q

This is a method of learning by combining reasoning and empirical evidence

A

Humanism

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9
Q

T or F: Humanism was considered a field of philosophy before

A

False

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10
Q

Who made observational drawings of anatomy and nature during the Renaissance?

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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11
Q

T or F: Science and art did not mingle well during the Renaissance

A

False (they did come together)

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12
Q

This was the most important development of the Renaissance period

A

The scientific method

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13
Q

T or F: Copernicus and Galileo promoted ideas related to the scientific method

A

True

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14
Q

Where did early Renaissance begin?

A

Florence, Tuscany (Italy)

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15
Q

Florence had a ruling family which contributed to the development to the Renaissance, what was this family called?

A

Medici

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16
Q

Following the fall of Constantinople, where did the Greek scholars migrate to afterwards?

A

Italy

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17
Q

Constantinople fell at the hands of what group of people?

A

Ottoman Turks

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18
Q

T or F: The Renaissance became a period of classical rediscovery hence the painting style was radically changed

A

True (they revived ancient forms and content)

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19
Q

T or F: The Renaissance borrowed subjects of Roman history and Greek mythology during the revival

A

True

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20
Q

Artworks of _______ orientation, such as devotional art, were classically humanized

A

Christian

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21
Q

T or F: Classical art principles were not followed during the Renaissance

A

False (it was)

Principles included: Harmonious proportion, realistic expression, and rational postures

22
Q

What 2 artistic regions of Western Europe became active during the Renaissance?

A

Flanders and Italy

23
Q

This period was between the span of 4 decades from 1490 to the destruction of Rome which represented the peak or summit of Renaissance art

A

High Renaissance Period

24
Q

T or F: It was during the late Renaissance wherein classical ideals of humanism were fully implemented

A

False (high Renaissance)

25
Q

The high Renaissance was centered on Rome and paid for by who?

A

The Pontiff (Pope)

26
Q

T or F: Florence replaced Rome as the center of the Renaissance

A

False (reverse)

There was an ambition to make Rome greater than its Florentine rival

27
Q

Which 2 popes secured and retained the services of painters like Raphael, da Vinci, and Michelangelo who created oils and mural paintings of novelty?

A

Pope Julius II and Pope Leo X

28
Q

He was a key figure in the redevelopment of the St. Peter’s Basilica

A

Donato Bramante

29
Q

Since the Church was the major patron during this time, this remained the major genre of art

A

Christian Art

30
Q

Familiarize yourself with the art methods mastered during the High Renaissance:

A
  1. Linear perspective and vanishing points
  2. Foreshortening
  3. Illusionistic devices
  4. Chiaroscuro
  5. Sfumato shading
31
Q

The universal adoption of oil painting eliminated what subtype of colors?

A

Matt/Matte

32
Q

It was possible to convey the concept of distance with the gradation of tones through a process known as?

A

Aerial or Atmospheric Perspective

33
Q

T or F: High Renaissance artists wanted realism more than beauty and harmony

A

False (reverse)

34
Q

T or F: High Renaissance painters had great interests for imitation

A

False (no interest; despite portraying nature)

35
Q

The discovery for ultimate truths from the Roman and Greek cultures provided artists with the ideals of ________

A

Perfection (their aesthetics)

36
Q

The best high Renaissance sculptures included Pieta and David, which were works of?

A

Michelangelo

37
Q

The sculptures, David and Pieta, were once located where?

A

Piazza della Signoria, Florence

38
Q

The sculptures, David and Pieta, are now currently located where?

A

Florence’s Academy of Arts

39
Q

The word mannerism comes from what Italian word?

A

“Maniera”

40
Q

“Maniera” means what?

A

Style or manner

41
Q

This was a European art style that appeared in the later years of the high Renaissance in Italy when the Baroque style began to replace it

A

Mannerism

42
Q

T or F: Mannerism was influenced by the painters: da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo

A

True

43
Q

High Renaissance or Mannerism?
- Emphasis on proportion, balance, and ideal beauty

A

High Renaissance

44
Q

High Renaissance or Mannerism?
- Emphasis on exaggeration, asymmetry, and unnatural elegance

A

Mannerism

45
Q

T or F: Mannerism was ridiculed for its intellectual inferiority

A

False (it was known for its intellectual superiority and artificial qualities)

46
Q

T or F: High Renaissance favored compositional tension and instability

A

False (Mannerism)

47
Q

T or F: Mannerist paintings were more artificial than natural

A

True

Characterized by: Unnatural displays of emotions, disproportionate human figures, unnatural poses, uncommon scaling, use of lighting/perspective, and bright loud colors

48
Q

What caused the end of the Renaissance?

A

Beginning of the Protestant Reformation (set off violent conflicts in Europe and eliminated funding for the arts)

49
Q

T or F: Printing, discovery of the New World, and Vasco de Gama’s navigation to the Cape of Good Hope all contributed to the strengthening of the late Renaissance period

A

False (the end of Renaissance)

50
Q

Who was the first to portray light radiating from the child Christ known for his sentimental narrative paintings?

A

Correggio

art appreciation (24 decks)

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