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Art Appreciation > (M) L5.2: Art Movements > Flashcards

(M) L5.2: Art Movements Flashcards

1
Q

This event made consumer goods cheaper and increased the production of food

A

Industrialization

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2
Q

Those who looked back to the past, before people were commodified and nature was destroyed, they referred to that period as what?

A

Romantic period

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3
Q

These people opposed the idea that reason was the only way to truth, and that mysteries could be revealed with emotion, imagination, and intuition

A

Romantics

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4
Q

This was hailed as a classroom for self-discovery and spiritual learning during the Romanticism period

A

Nature

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5
Q

T or F: Romanticism was a response to support industrialization

A

False (it was against the dehumanizing effects of industrialization)

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6
Q

This strongly placed emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as a glorification of the past

A

Romanticism

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7
Q

T or F: The Romantic movement saw depictions of a light-hearted nature best shown by the paintings:
- The Nightmare
- The Raft of the Medusa
- Saturn Devouring His Son

A

False (dark nature)

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8
Q

This movement was created by Claude Monet and was known as the first modern movement in painting which was spearheaded by artists who were rejected by powerful academic art institutions

A

Impressionism

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9
Q

This art movement:
- seized the momentary sensory effects of a scene
- moved from the studio to the streets and countryside
- allowed artists to relax their brushstrokes, abandon traditional linear perspectives, and avoid clarity of form

A

Impressionism

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10
Q

T or F: Critics judged the impressionist paintings for their finished but unprofessional look

A

False (unfinished and unprofessional appearance)

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11
Q

T or F: During the impressionist movement, many artists were let inside the art salon

A

False (many were rejected which led to a public outcry)

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12
Q

What was formed in response to the artists’ rejection at the art salons during the impressionist period?

A

Salon des Refuses (Salon of the Refused)

Note: This allowed for the exhibition of works by artists who were refused entrance to the official salon

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13
Q

This emerged as a reaction against the impressionist’s concern for the naturalistic depiction of light and color

A

Post-impressionism

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14
Q

Who was the Father and the one who led the Post-impressionism movement?

A

Paul Cezanne

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15
Q

T or F: Post-impressionists rejected the idea that art should focus on the opticality of the creation

A

True

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16
Q

T or F: Impressionists held a negative reaction to the naturalistic depiction of light and color from the post-impressionists

A

False (reverse)

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17
Q

This movement:
- fought to bring back emphasis on the subject matter and painting structure
- focused on the subjective vision of the artists
- gave importance to emotional, structural, symbolic, and spiritual elements

A

Post-Impressionism

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18
Q

T or F: Pointillism was regarded as part of the Romanticist movement

A

False (Post-Impressionism)

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19
Q

These people developed Pointillism

A

George Seurat and Paul Signac

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20
Q

This movement:
- used small dots of pure color (complementary colors) to make an entire composition
- had nothing to do with the subject matter of the painting
- used the science of optics that created color from many dots that blur into an image

A

Pointillism

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21
Q

These work the same way as dots do in pointillist paintings

A

Pixels on a computer

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22
Q

T or F: Signac was the founder of pointillism and was continued by Seurat after his death

A

False (reverse)

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23
Q

This was the original name of Pointillism that Seurat coined upon its development

A

Divisionism

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24
Q

T or F: The bigger the dots are, the clearer the painting (pointillism)

A

False (smaller)

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25
Q

T or F: Pointillism was more of a science than art

A

False (equal)

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26
Q

Which famous painter experimented with Pointillism in his self-portrait?

A

Vincent Van Gogh

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27
Q

These are colors of the opposite hue that balance each other out

A

Complementary colors

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28
Q

This art movement meant “new art” in French

A

Art Nouveau

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29
Q

This movement:
- was best described by organic, plant motifs, and other highly stylized forms
- uses sudden violent curves
- gained short popularity as it was soon replaced by modernist styles

A

Art Nouveau

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30
Q

This was the common term for using sudden violent curves in art works

A

Whiplash

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31
Q

This movement:
- represents a mix of feeling and form between the artist’s reality and subjectivity
- is an aesthetic that describes the subjective vision of an artist through a simple and non-naturalistic style

A

Symbolism

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32
Q

Who was hailed as the leader of the symbolist movement?

A

Paul Gauguin

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33
Q

Who described symbolism as an aesthetic in his published article?

A

Albert Aurier

34
Q

What did the founders of Symbolism create in relation to adding spiritual value to their artworks

A

Imaginary dream worlds (w/ biblical figures and Greek mythology creatures)

35
Q

What became the favorite subject for symbolism due to their capacity to express universal emotions?

A

Women

36
Q

What are the 2 constants of symbolist imagery?

Hint: they are 2 mythical female types

A

Virgin and Femme Fatale

37
Q

This art movement:
- created bright cheery landscapes with pure intense colors and bold brushwork
- called their artists as “wild beasts”

A

Fauvism

38
Q

Which critic described the Fauves as “wild beasts”?

A

Louis Vaxcelles

39
Q

Who were the leaders of the Fauvist movement?

A

Andre Derain and Henri Matisse

40
Q

This art movement:
- used a purely subjective perspective which distorts it radically for emotional effect and in order to evoke moods or ideas
- expressed the meaning of emotional experiences rather than physical reality

A

Expressionism

41
Q

Cubism was started by which 2 people?

A

Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso

42
Q

This art movement:
- used flattened, nearly 2D appearances, an inclusion of geometric angles, lines, and shapes, and neutral colors for their artworks
- appeared more like collages than anything else
- allowed artists to see and depict real-life objects in different ways
- did not make it a goal to be realistic but rather to piece together fragments of the subject from different points into one painting

A

Cubism

43
Q

Who were the 2 most renowned Cubists?

A

Picasso and Braque

44
Q

This art movement:
- was a form of artistic anarchy born out of hatred for the social, political, and cultural values at the time
- was more of a protest movement with an anti-establishment platform than an art style

A

Dadaism

45
Q

Who gave rise to the term Dadaism when he plunged a knife through a French dictionary and landed on the word “dada”?

A

Richard Huelsenbeck

46
Q

“Dada” is a colloquial French word for?

A

Hobby horse

47
Q

Dadaists grew more rebellious and radical due to what was happening to the world because of this major global event, what was that event?

A

WWI

48
Q

What was the battlecry of Dadaists?

A

“DADA!”

49
Q

This art movement:
- studied the operation of the mind and advocated for the illogical, imaginative, and radical
- refers to pure psychic automatism
- used involuntary or unconscious drawings to open ideas from their unconscious minds
- described dream worlds or hidden psychological tensions

A

Surrealism

50
Q

This word is loosely used to mean “strange” or “dream-like”

A

Surreal

51
Q

Which French modernist introduced the term “Surrealist”?

A

Guillaume Apollinaire

52
Q

T or F: Surrealism quickly became a national movement for the French because it was attractive to different types of artists who shared aggressive rejection of conventionality

A

False (international)

53
Q

This art movement:
- was the name applied to new forms of abstract art
- was described by gestural brushstrokes or mark-making
- had the impression of spontaneity
- drew inspiration from surrealism

A

Abstract Expressionism

54
Q

Abstract expressionists were mostly from where?

A

New York (hence they were known as the New York school)

55
Q

Abstract expressionists drew inspiration from the automatism of who?

A

Joan Miro

56
Q

These painters struck their canvases with expressive brushstrokes

A

Action painters

57
Q

These painters filled their canvases with large areas of a single color

A

Color field painters

58
Q

This art movement:
- was dedicated to complete abstraction with a liking to modernity
- subjects were geometrical, experimental, and rarely emotional
- the subjects were always minimal and broken down into its most basic elements

A

Constructivism

59
Q

An art of order was desirable in Constructivism because it was just after ______ when it emerged

A

WWI

60
Q

This art movement:
- suggested simplicity and abstraction through expressing a perfect idea of harmony and color
- created harmony and color by decreasing the elements to only its pure geometric forms and primary colors

A

De Stijl

61
Q

“De Stijl” is a Dutch word that stands for?

A

“The Style”

62
Q

This art movement:
- showcased common household objects and consumer products like Coca-Cola, Campbell’s soup cans, comics, magazines, etc.
- was recognizable to the masses
- was made using mechanical or commercial techniques such as silk-screening
- drew inspiration from popular and commercial culture

A

Pop Art (popular art)

63
Q

T or F: Modernist critics were shocked with pop artists’ use of such high subject matter

A

False (low; they saw it as treating art uncritically)

64
Q

This art movement:
- gave a new form of abstraction and played with the viewer’s visual perception
- uses science, color, and optics to produce images that seemed to move, swell, or change forms

A

Op Art (optical art)

65
Q

Who was considered as the grandfather of Op Art?

A

Victor Vasarely

66
Q

What museum showcased a study of Vasarely’s followers in an exhibition named “The Responsive Eye”?

A

Museum of Modern Art

67
Q

Fashion brands recognized Op Art and promoted their bold patterns through _______

A

Mod designs

68
Q

T or F: Op art influences both artists and neuroscientists

A

True

69
Q

This art movement:
- relied on photographs to make an artwork
- projected photographs onto a canvas to be captured with precision and accuracy with the aid of an airbrush
- reintroduced the importance of planning rather than improvisation (traditional technique)

A

Photorealism

70
Q

What are the other names of Photorealism?

A

Hyperrealism or Superrealism

71
Q

This art movement:
- was made of geometric shapes in simple arrangements without dynamic displays
- was defined as a “bare bones” form of art
- was made by inexpensive methods and reduced to the essentials of geometric ideas
- represented the peak of modern art’s advancement toward the most simplified form of abstract art

A

Minimalism

72
Q

This art movement:
- puts emphasis on the concept or idea and ignores the actual appearance of the work
- did not require their artists to have manual skills as they could have gotten away with not making anything at all
- was considered to be a prank by most people

A

Conceptual Art

73
Q

The De Saisset Art Museum of Santa Clara University in San Francisco gave money to who to cover his expenses for installing an exhibition at the institution

A

Tom Marioni

74
Q

What was the title of Tom Marioni’s exhibition which was highlighted in Conceptual art?

A

My First Car (Fiat 50)

75
Q

His work was an offer for a new style of art that denied its traditional role as a showcase for the creative genius and technical abilities of the artist

A

Tom Marioni

76
Q

This art movement:
- involves the setting up of objects in space
- comprises of the resulting arrangement of material and space
- allows the viewer to enter and move around the arranged space and interact with its elements
- offers something different from when the viewer looks at a traditional sculpture or painting which is from one perspective only
- engages several of the viewer’s senses
- is shaped by developments in computer art (e.g. software advancements and film projection)

A

Installation Art

77
Q

This art movement:
- refers to artworks produced through actions which may be live or recorded and spontaneous or scripted
- offered artists an alternative to the stationary permanence of painting and sculpting because of its lively and temporary nature

A

Performance Art

78
Q

The history of performance in the visual arts could be traced back to which theatrical performance?

A

Dada Cabarets

79
Q

T or F: Performance art was seen as traditional

A

False (non-traditional)

80
Q

T or F: Performance art is now widely accepted and has now begun to describe film, video, photographic, and installation-based artworks through which actions are expressed

A

True

Art Appreciation (24 decks)

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