7.3 Translation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

translation

A
  • encoded message read by ribosome and presence of transfer RNA molecules, ribosomes assemble one at a time into polypeptide chain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tRNA

A

regions that base pair w themselves winding into 4 double helical segments to form clover leaf patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

anticodon

A

complementary sequence of base pairs on tRNA that corresponds to anticodon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

aminoacylation

A

tRNA molecule bound to corresponding amino acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

aminoacyl-tRNA

A

molecule of transfer RNA to its associated amino acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ribosomes

A
  • carry out protein synthesis by translating mRNA into chains of amino acids
  • use mRNA molecule to join amnio acid in ordered sequence to make polypeptide chain
  • special binding sites that bring together mRNA w aminoacyl-tRNA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A (aminoacyl) site

A

incoming aminoacyl-tRNA carrying out next amino acid to add to polypeptide chain that binds to mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

P (peptidyl) site

A

when tRNA carrying growing polypeptide is bound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Initiating Translation

A
  • triggered by large and small ribosome subunits binding to 5’ cap of mRNA
  • start codon is AUG corresponding to methionine
  • tRNA’s anticodon is UAC delivers methionine to ribosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

reading frame

A

system for operating base pair sequences into readable codons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Elongating Polypeptide

A
  • incoming tRNA molecules deliver next appropriate amino acid to ribosomes as dictated by reading frame of 3 bases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

termination of protein synthesis

A
  • occurs when stir codon is read by ribosomes
  • stop codons are UAG, UGA, UAA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

protein synthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

A
  • more than one ribosome can transfer mRNA molecule at a time resulting in polysome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

polysome

A

complex formed when multiple ribosome attach to same mRNA molecule to facilitate rapid translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly