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Quality Management > Chapter 7 & 8 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 7 & 8 Test Flashcards

1
Q

The largest and most sensitive type of television camera that functions as both an image intensifier and tube is the:

a.) orthicon
b.) plumbicon
c.) CCD
d.) vidocon

A

a.) orthicon

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2
Q

The appearance of quantam mottle on a radiographic image is caused by:

a.) incorrect post processing
b.) excessive receptor exposure
c.) inadequate receptor exposure
d.) small matrix size

A

c.) inadequate receptor exposure

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3
Q

Amorphus silicon and cesium iodide is used in:

a.) indirect DR imaging
b.) direct DR imaging
c.) CR imaging

A

a.) indirect DR imaging

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4
Q

Who performs acceptance tests on digital equipment?

a.) medical physicist
b.) QC technologists
c.) system engineer
d.) radiologist

A

a.) medical physicist

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5
Q

Which of the following describes the range of exposure intensities an image receptor can respond to?

a.) dynamic range
b.) DICOM
c.) exposure latitude
d.) histogram analysis

A

a.) dynamic range

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT true of lossy compression:

a.) data is recoverable
b.) data can be compressed to 5 to 50 times
c.) cannot be reversed
d.) compromises image quality

A

a.) data is recoverable

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7
Q

Which of the following is not a “tube” type of television camera?

a.) vidocon
b.) CCD
c.) orthicon
d.) plumbicon

A

b.) CCD

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8
Q

When exposing the second image in a series of x rays, any residual TFT charge could result in:

a.) fading
b.) erasure
c.) histogram error
d.) ghosting

A

d.) ghosting

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9
Q

Selections of a region of the digital image data set that is used for statistical analysis describes:

a.) values of interest (VOI)
b.) region of interest (ROI)
c.) region of value (ROV)
d.) histogram analysis

A

b.) region of interest (ROI)

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10
Q

Brightness gained by high voltage across the xray tube is defined as:

a.) minification gain
b.) brightness gain
c.) resolution gain
d.) flux gain

A

d.) flux gain

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11
Q

A ___________ uses a computer chip instead of a photoconductive target

a.) plumbicon
b.) CCD
c.) orthicon
d.) vidocon

A

b.) CCD

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12
Q

All of the following are components of a fluoro system except:

a.) xray tube
b.) image plate reader
c.) generator
d.) video monitoring system
e.) image intensifier

A

b.) image plate reader

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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the image intensifier tube?

a.) anode
b.) filament
c.) photocathode
d.) output phosphor

A

b.) filament

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14
Q

What are the two ways that the output phosphor and the television camera can be linked?

1.) CCD
2.) orthicon
3.) lens coupling
4.) fiber optics
5.) closed circuit tv

a.) 3 and 4
b.) 1 and 2
c.) 2 and 5
d.) 1 and 5

A

a.) 3 and 4

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15
Q

A motion picture camera is called:

a.) DVR
b.) spot film camera
c.) cinefluorography
d.) spot film device

A

c.) cinefluorography

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16
Q

In digital fluoroscopy, which part of the flat panel detector absorbs xrays and emits light?

a.) none of these
b.) input phosphor
c.) output phosphor
d.) rotating anode

A

a.) none of these

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17
Q

In a dual focus multifield image intensifier, the most common FOV choices are:

a.) 5”
b.) 6”
c.) 7”
d.) 9”
e.) 10”

a.) a, b, d
b.) a, c, e
c.) a, c
d.) b and d

A

d.) b and d

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18
Q

Which of the following describes a health record that covers the full range of a patients health history?

a.) RIS
b.) HIS
c.) EHR
d.) EMR

A

c.) EHR

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19
Q

What determines the range of data in a histogram model that is to be displayed?

a.) histogram
b.) region of interest (ROI)
c.) value of interest (VOI)
d.) histogram analysis

A

c.) value of interest (VOI)

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20
Q

The maximum ESE for fluoro units equipped without ABS is:

a.) 10 R/min
b.) 100 R/min
c.) 50 R/min
d.) 5 R/min

A

d.) 5 R/min

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21
Q

Dropped pixels are caused by:

a.) nonfunctioning detector elements
b.) electronic interference
c.) double exposure
d.) histogram errors

A

a.) nonfunctioning detector elements

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22
Q

___________ compression is recoverable and does not compromise image quality.

a.) lossless
b.) lossy

A

a.) lossless

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23
Q

Which of the following is a network used for transmission and exchange of patient images, data, storage,, viewing and workstations?

a.) HIS
b.) DICOM
c.) PACS
d.) RIS

A

c.) PACS

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24
Q

Reproducibility for fluoro equipment should be within:

a.) 5%
b.) 10%
c.) 2%
d.) 3%

A

a.) 5%

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25
Q

The ability to resolve small, black and white objects is called:

a.) high contrast resolution
b.) low contrast resolution
c.) magnification
d.) brightness gain

A

a.) high contrast resolution

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26
Q

KVP accuracy should be within:

a.) 5%
b.) 10%
c.) 1%
d.) 2%

A

a.) 5%

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27
Q

CCTV stands for:

a.) closed circuit television
b.) charged coupled television
c.) closed captioned television
d.) cesium carbon based television viewing

A

a.) closed circuit television

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28
Q

Testing that involves exposures of radiation detector while adding a series of aluminum plates is determining the:

a.) inherent filtration amount
b.) high level control
c.) blooming factor
d.) half value layer

A

d.) half value layer

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29
Q

The most commonly used type of television camera is:

a.) vidocon
b.) plumbicon
c.) orthicon
d.) CCD

A

a.) vidocon

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30
Q

A SMPTE pattern is best used to evaluate:
1.) dry laser printers
2.) electronic display devices
3.) image intensifiers
4.) DICOM systems

a.) 1 and 2
b.) 1, 2, 4
c.) 2 only
d.) 3 only

A

a.) 1 and 2

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31
Q

With a flat panel detector AMA, which of the following characteristics will offern the best spatial resolution? choose all that apply.

a.) a large fill factor
b.) a large pixel pitch
c.) a small fill factor
d.) a small pixel pitch

A

a.) a large fill factor
d.) a small pixel pitch

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32
Q

Which of the following is a software function that enhances sharp edges?

a.) stitching
b.) rescaling
c.) edge enhancment
d.) tiling

A

c.) edge enhancement

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33
Q

Linearity for fluoro equipment should be within:

a.) 2%
b.) 15%
c.)5%
d.) 10%

A

d.) 10%

34
Q

Which term describes the useful area of a digital image receptor?

a.) VOF
b.) VOI
c.) FOV
d.) ROI

A

c.) FOV

35
Q

Which part of an image intensifier is made of cesium iodide?

a.) photocathode
b.) input phosphor
c.) output phosphor
d.) rotating anode

A

b.) input phosphor

36
Q

In computed radiography (CR), approximately what percentage of stored energy is lost within the first 8 hours if the IR is unprocessed?

a.) 75%
b.) 50%
c.) 15%
d.) 25%

A

d.) 25%

37
Q

Which mode results in higher patient dose?

a.) minification
b.) magnification
c.) flux gain

A

b.) magnification

38
Q

A heat sensor alarm should activate when __________% of the heat capacity is acheived.

a.) 50
b.) 75
c.) 20
d.) 63

A

b.) 75

39
Q

Which of the following describes a process where a computer analyzes a histogram and compares it to a preestablished histogram?

a.) rescaling
b.) histogram analysis
c.) region of interest
d.) histogram

A

b.) histogram analysis

40
Q

Digital fluoro equipment should be tested every _________.

a.) 6 months
b.) month
c.) week
d.) year

A

a.) 6 months

41
Q

The maximum ESE for fluoro units equipped with ABS is:

a.) 10 R/min
b.) 5 R/min
c.) 50 R/min
d.) 100 R/min

A

a.) 10 R/min

42
Q

The ability to resolve relatively large objects with similar density is called:

a.) low contrast resolution
b.) minification
c.) flux gain
d.) high contrast resolution

A

a.) low contrast resolution

43
Q

Using a histogram for an adult chest but imaging a small childs chest may result in ________________.

a.) improper image brightness
b.) tiling
c.) aliasing
d.) shading

A

a.) improper image brightness

44
Q

Fluoroscoping different thicknesses of material and seeing if brightness level remains constant is testing the:

1.) automatic brightness control
2.) linearity
3.) automatic gain control
4.) kvp accuracy
5.) half value layer

a.) 5 only
b.) 1, 2 and 4
c.) 1 and 3
d.) 2 and 4

A

c.) 1 and 3

45
Q

Which part of the image intensifier absorbs light and emits electrons?

a.) input phosphor
b.) output phosphor
c.) photocathode
d.) rotating anode

A

c.) photocathode

46
Q

Which of the following parts of an AMA are considered a collection element?

a.) scintillator
b.) CCD
c.) photodiode
d.) CMOS
e.) fiber optics
f.) TFT

a.) all options are considered collection elements
b.) b and f
c.) b, d, f
d.) a and c

A

c.) b, d, f

47
Q

Which part of the image intensifier is made of cesium and antimony?

a.) output phosphor
b.) rotating anode
c.) photocathode
d.) input phosphor

A

c.) photocathode

48
Q

Which of the following works to reduce noise by smoothing out the image?

a.) LUT
b.) stitching
c.) edge enhancement
d.) smoothing

A

d.) smoothing

49
Q

Error correction tests should be performed by the:

a.) physicist
b.) technologist
c.) service engineer
d.) QC technologist

A

c.) service engineer

50
Q

Which of the following describes a health record that is a digitization of a patients medical record and is used for diagnosis and/or treatment?

a.) EMR
b.) RIS
c.) HIS
d.) EHR

A

a.) EMR

51
Q

Which of the following is a common computer language that allows other systems of pacs to communicate with each other?

a.) picture archiving and communication system
b.) radiographic information system
c.) hospital information system
d.) digital imaging and communications in medicine

A

d.) digital imaging and communications in medicine

52
Q

To prevent background radiation articact, which of the following should be done?

a.) charge the IR daily
b.) erase the IR daily
c.) handle the IR with care
d.) do not expose the IR to heat

A

b.) erase the IR daily

53
Q

image plates should be erased ________.

a.) weekly
b.) daily
c.) every shift

A

b.) daily

54
Q

If mas is increased in increments then the radiation output should increase in the same sequential change. This is called:

a.) accuracy
b.) reproducibility
c.) linearity
d.) reciprocity

A

c.) linearity

55
Q

Which software function combines multiple images into one single image?

a.) rescaling
b.) stitching
c.) smoothing
d.) LUT

A

b.) stitching

56
Q

Which of the following is an example of a primary electronic display device?

a.) the TV in the fluoro room
b.) a remote pacs workstation in a nearby doctors office
c.) the technologists workstation
d.) the radiologists pacs workstation

A

d.) the radiologists pacs workstation

57
Q

A DEL may sometimes also be referred to as a :

a.) CCD
b.) TFT
c.) AMA
d.) pixel

A

d.) pixel

58
Q

Which of the following are considered processing functions? choose all that apply

a.) LUT adjustment
b.) data recognition
c.) histogram analysis
d.) spatial frequency enhancement
e.) windowing

A

a.) LUT adjustment
b.) data recoginition
c.) histogram analysis

59
Q

An artifact that may be caused by a magnetic field is called:

a.) S distortion
b.) barrel distortion
c.) pincushion distortion
d.) vignetting

A

a.) S distortion

60
Q

What is the primary factor that influences contrast in a digital image?

a.) look up table (LUT)
b.) mas
c.) rescaling
d.) kvp

A

a.) look up table (LUT)

61
Q

Which term is used to describe a graphical representation of a data set in digital imaging?

a.) histogram
b.) picture archiving and communication system (PACS)
c.) value of interest (VOI)
d.) region of interest (ROI)

A

a.) histogram

62
Q

Which digital process makes adjustments to correct for slight over or underexposure by comparing the original histogram to match the expected histogram?

a.) smoothing
b.) rescaling
c.) edge enhancement
d.) histogram analysis

A

b.) rescaling

63
Q

A decrease in brightness at the lateral edges of the image is called:

a.) veiling glare
b.) barrel distoriton
c.) vignetting
d.) S distortion

A

c.) vignetting

64
Q

Which of the following is a primary information system that is designed to manage healthcare data?

a.) hospital information system (HIS)
b.) radiology information system (RIS)
c.) electronic health record (EHR)
d.) electronic medical record (EMR)

A

a.) hospital information system (HIS)

65
Q

Which of the following terms best describes the type of image intensifier artifact that results from projecting an image onto a flat surface ?

a.) veiling
b.) vignetting
c.) Pincushion
d.) s distortion

A

c.) pincushion

66
Q

The same technical factors (including fluoro time) should always produce the same radiation output. This is called:

a.) reciprocity
b.) accuracy
c.) linearity
d.) reproducibility

A

d.) reproducibility

67
Q

When is a coupling element needed in DR?

a.) when using a direct capture IR
b.) when using an indirect capture IR
c.) when used with an amorphus selenium photoconductor

A

b.) when using an indirect capture IR

68
Q

Physical damage to the structure of a CR image receptor is likely to manifest on a radiograph as:

a.) hyperdense artifact
b.) loss of contrast
c.) geometric distortion
d.) loss of spatial resolution

A

a.) hyperdense artifact

69
Q

Taking a static image with fluoroscopy but not using an IR is called:

a.) film/screen spot filming
b.) DVR
c.) cinefluorography
d.) photofluorospot

A

d.) photofluorospot

70
Q

Making a 30 second exposure at maximum kvp and ma is testing the:

a.) reciprocity
b.) heat sensor
c.) kvp accuracy
d.) ma accuray

A

b.) heat sensor

71
Q

A semiannual or annual QC test for digital xray equipment would be:

1.) generator testing
2.) film proccessor maintenance if hard copies are printed
3.) clean CRT screen monitors
4.) evaluate exposure indicator accuracy

a.) 1 only
b.) 2, 3 and 4
c.) 1 and 4
d.) 2 and 3

A

c.) 1 and 4

72
Q

Which of the following are considered preprocessing functions? choose all that apply.

a.) histogram analysis
b.) entering in patient data
c.) pixel arrangment
d.) selecting a certain exam

A

b.) entering in patient data
d.) selecting a a certain exam

73
Q

for a non-dr system, the most common type of image intensifier is the:

a.) tube type
b.) flat panel

A

a.) tube type

74
Q

_____________ is useful in myelograms and arthrograms when an image is necessary to be on the display monitor but the xray beam is off.

a.) image restoration
b.) road mapping
c.) last image hold
d.) filtering

A

c.) last image hold

75
Q

In flat panel fluoroscopy, the ____________ adjusts radiation output for changes in part thicknesses.

a.) PBL
b.) AERC
c.) HVL
d.) AEC

A

b.) AERC

76
Q

Fluoro equipment should always have the following inspections (choose all that apply)

a.) digital
b.) performance
c.) visual
d.) enviromental

A

b.) performance
c.) visual
d.) enviromental

77
Q

The image intesifier that can magnify fluoroscopic image is called:

a.) multi field image intensifier
b.) plumbicon image intensifier
c.) CCD image intensifier
d.) flat panel image intensifier

A

a.) multi field image intensifier

78
Q

_______ imaging uses barium fluorobromide or cesium bromide for photon absorption.

a.) CR
b.) indirect DR
c.) direct CR

A

a.) CR

79
Q

Which information system is responsible for patient information coming from the imaging department?

a.) HIS
b.) EMR
c.) RIS
d.) EHR

A

c.) RIS

80
Q

Which part of an image intensifier is made of zinc and cadmium?

a.) rotating anode
b.) input phosphor
c.) photocathode
d.) output phosphor

A

d.) output phosphor

81
Q

When determining receptor exposure, what does a sensitivity index (S#) of 42 signify?

a.) inadequate receptor exposure
b.) excessive contrast
c.) excessive receptor exposure
d.) insuffiecient contrast

A

c.) excessive receptor exposure

82
Q

Which of the following are considered postprocessing function? choose all that apply

a.) rescaling
b.) LUT
c.) addition/subtraction
d.) windowing

A

c.) addition/subtraction
d.) windowing

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