Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the term glycaemic loading in relation to carbohydrate absorbtion

A
  • glycemic load has been created to take into account both the amount of carbohydrate in the food together with how quickly it raises blood glucose levels
  • a food glycaemic load is determined by the multiplication of its glycaemic indee and the amount of carbohydrate in the food. 20 or more is high, 11-19 is medium, 10 or lower is low
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2
Q

Expoain the term gycaemic indew in relation to carbohydrate absorbtion

A
  • the glycaemic is the classicfication used to identify which carbohydrates are quickly broken down to glucose after a particular food is consumed.
  • different carbohydrates are digested and absorbed at different rates
  • a lower glycaemic indee suggests slower rates of digestion and absorbtion
  • foods with carbohydrates that break down quickly during digestion and release glucose rapidly into the bloodstream are said to be of high GI
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3
Q

Explain the functions of carbohydrates as a nutrient in the body

A
  • energy, glucose is oxised in the cells and broken down in a series of reactions and enegry is released providing 17kJ of energy per g
  • storage of energy, glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles as a readily available reserve of carbohydrate; when glycogen stores are full futher excesses are converted into fat and stored all over the body in the fatty cells of the apidose tissue
  • protein sparing; a moderate carbohydrate intake ensures that most of the dietary protein can be used for growth purposes
  • dietary fibre; unavailable carbohydrates i.e. those not broken down by digestive enzymes give hulk to the faeces
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