Cognition: Alzheimer's vs Vascular Dementia Flashcards

1
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Cause: Genetic and environmental factors; possibly viral

A

Alzheimer’s

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2
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Cause: Strokes or other vascular disorders that decrease blood flow to the brain

A

Vascular dementia

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3
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Pathophysiologic changes: Chronic, terminal disease that is characterized by formation of neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and vascular degeneration in the brain

A

Alzheimer’s

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4
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Pathophysiologic changes: Impaired blood flow to the brain, causing ischemia or necrosis of brain neurons

A

Vascular

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5
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Course of dementia: Steady and gradual decline of cognitive, mobility, and ADL function from mild through severe stages; patients usually die from complications of immobility

A

Alzheimer’s

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6
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Course of dementia: Stepwise progression of dementia symptoms that get significantly worse after each vascular event, such as a stroke or series of ministrokes; symptoms may improve as collateral circulation to vital neurons develops

A

Vascular dementia

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7
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Risk factors: Female
Over 65 years of age
Down syndrome
Traumatic brain injury

A

Alzheimer’s

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8
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Risk factors: Male
Over 65 years of age
History of diabetes mellitus (DM), high cholesterol, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, hypertension, smoking, obesity

A

Vascular dementia

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9
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Management: Safety measures to prevent injury, wandering, or falls
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Behavior management
ADL and mobility assistance as needed based on stage

A

Alzheimer’s

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10
Q

Alzheimer’s or Vascular dementia?

Management: Identification of risk factors and management of the risk for or actual vascular event (e.g., antidiabetes drugs for DM, antihypertensive drugs, low-fat diet, smoking cessation, weight loss)
Safety measures to prevent injury or falls
Behavior management

A

Vascular dementia

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