Measurement and stability of intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

What does IQ stand for?

A

Intelligence quota.

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2
Q

What was IQ originally?

A

A quotient obtained by dividing an individuals mental age (MA) by a person’s chronological age (CA).

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3
Q

What was the problem with the original IQ?

A

Mental development levels off in adulthood and therefore increases in chronological age cannot match increases in mental age.

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4
Q

What is the IQ used currently known as?

A

Deviation IQ.

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5
Q

What is deviation IQ?

A

Deviation IQ is gathered by comparing scores on a test to norms established by the performance of a representative group.

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6
Q

Who first explored intelligence testing?

A

Francis Galton and Alfred Binet.

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7
Q

Describe the Binet-Simon (1905) scale. (2)

A
  • Included 30 brief cognitive tasks measuring language skills, memory, and more.
  • Tasks are ordered according to difficulty according to age and gives an indication of a child’s mental age.
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8
Q

What is a limitation of the Binet-Simon (1905) scale.

A

Intellectual development is affected by the environment, so can only be used to compare across similar backgrounds.

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9
Q

Describe Yerker’s alpha and beta tests.

A

Alpha: administered to everyone, interested in verbal abilities.
Beta: Emphasis on non-verbal abilities, administered to those who performed poorly on the Alpha.

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10
Q

How have intelligence tests changed over time?

A

Tests have been changed to reflect changes in theoretical thinking.

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11
Q

Do intelligence tests measure intelligence?

A

Short answer: probably not.
Long answer:
Intelligence is an abstract construct we conclude based on the data available to us.

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12
Q

What do intelligence tests actually measure?

A

All intelligence tests measure samples of behaviour. The behaviour samples are relevant to cognitive abilities.

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13
Q

List three applied uses of psychological intelligence tests.

A
  1. Job selection.
  2. Self-knowledge.
  3. Research.
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14
Q

Is intelligence stable?

A

There is substantial stability in the rank ordering of human intelligence across the human life span, but also substantial change

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15
Q

Describe the Concordia study.

A

WW2 army recruits were tested at age 25.
Canadian soldiers only showed decline in non-verbal ability 40 years after first test.

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16
Q

What predicts positive ageing?

A
  • Good cardiovascular.
  • Not smoking.
  • Good nutrition.
  • Physical exercise.