psychodynamic explanation to criminal behaviour- FORENSICS Flashcards

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1
Q

Inadequate superego, what are the 3 parts of the personality and how does freud predict that this causes criminal behaviour

A
  • Id= demanding, self-gratifying instinct
  • Superego= conscience
  • ego= moderates demands of id and superego
  • stable life if all 3 are balanced
  • Freud’s theory would predict that criminal behaviour would occur if there was an imbalance
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2
Q

What is a weak superego?

A
  • no same sex parent in phallic stage
  • child can’t identify with same sex parent and internalise their moral code
  • child grows up having no idea of right and wrong
  • superego doesn’t cause guilt so person shows no inhibition
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3
Q

What is a deviant superego?

A
  • same sex parent child identifies with is immoral
  • child internalises a deviant moral code
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4
Q

What is a harsh superego?

A
  • superego demands guilt
  • leads child to seek out opportunities to be punished in order to satisfy the need for punishment
  • compulsive criminal behaviour underpinned by desire to be punished
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5
Q

What did Freud believe about differences in morality of girls and boys?

A
  • Freud believed boys identify more strongly with their fathers than girls identify with their mothers,

so girls are less morally developed because their moral code is less firmly internalised

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6
Q

AO3- inadequate superego

A
  • many people without a same sex parent with whom they can identify grow up to be law-abiding
  • freud believed males have a stronger superego than females, so males should be more moral. But statistics show males commit more crimes than females.
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7
Q

AO1 defence mechanisms

A
  • unconscious processes
  • defend the conscious self from unpleasant events

DISPLACEMENT=
- taking out anger on a substitute object, eg man angry at gf goes and stabs a random stranger

SUBLIMATION=
- redirection of morally primitive impulses into other more acceptable activities

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8
Q

AO3- defence mechanisms

A
  • because they’re unconscious they can’t be tested so no empirical evidence for their existence
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9
Q

AO1- maternal depravation

A
  • Bowlby stated that being deprived of a loving and continuous relationship with the mother in the first 2 years of life can lead to damaging consequences—-> delinquency and intellect problems

44 juvenile delinquents, 14 affection less psychopaths , 12/14 had maternal depravation

—-> antisocial behaviour linked directly to loss of mother figure

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10
Q

AO3- maternal depravation

A
  • criticised for concentration on separation leading to delinquency, what’s important is failure to form a bond with someone whether or not this is caused by separation
  • possible to remain in contact with mother, but if she is cold and unloving, no proper bond will be formed
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11
Q

AO3 psychodynamic explanation as a whole

A
  • doesn’t explain all crime—> KLINE suggests that crimes can be carefully planned and executed, are motivated by rational decision rather than irrational thought processes.
  • it’s the only theory that suggests the importance of emotional factors in criminal behaviour , putting forward the idea that conscious processes are important.
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