1.5 Sleep

Question 1

Circadian Rhythms

Answer 1

peoples’ bodies follow 24 hour cycles. Sunlight triggers wake-up cycle. Darkness triggers sleepy cycle. We aren’t as effective because of indoor lighting. Without light people don’t have regular cycles.

Question 2

Sleep deprivation

Answer 2

weight gain, Ghrelin increases which causes huger sensation, Leptin decreases which causes people to feel full less, Cortisol increases which causes stress, Immune system becomes weaker.

Question 3

Measuring sleep

Answer 3

EEG measures brain waves. EOG measures eye movement. EMG measures muscle activity and tension.

Question 4

beta waves

Answer 4

alert brain

Question 5

alpha waves

Answer 5

resting brain

Question 6

Non REM Stage 1 Sleep

Answer 6

breathing slows, don’t respond to stimuli much, flash images

Question 7

Non REM Stage 2 Sleep

Answer 7

Sleep Spindles: random bursts of activity, don’t think you were actually asleep if woken

Question 8

Non REM Stage 3 Sleep

Answer 8

Delta waves/ Slow waves. Don’t remember if woken up. Disoriented.

Question 9

REM

Answer 9

Most Dreams. beta waves, rapid eye movement, paralyzed.

Question 10

Dreams

Answer 10

Manifest Content: previous day’s experiences, sensory experience while sleeping

Question 11

Insomnia

Answer 11

inability to fall or stay asleep. waking 3 times a week for 3 months is enough to be diagnosed. 6-10% of population have it. Women, old, thin, depressed people are more likely to have it.

Question 12

Hypersomulence

Answer 12

sleep a lot at night, but still feel tired. 1% of people.

Question 13

Narcolepsy

Answer 13

sleep a lot during the day. caused by low levels of hypocretin.

Question 14

Cataplexy

Answer 14

A type of narcolepsy causing you to sleep from feeling strong emotions. Straight to REM, but only lasts a few minutes.

Question 15

Sleep Apnea

Answer 15

stop breathing over sleep. Don’t get restorative sleep, often diagnosed by spouse.

Question 16

Non REM Sleep Arousal Disorder

Answer 16

Incomplete awakenings from sleep.

Question 17

Sleepwalking

Answer 17

Happens with children more than adults. Hard to awaken, but not there is no reason not to.

Question 18

Sleep/Night Terrors

Answer 18

Stage 3 REM. less common than nightmares. Don’t usually remember, less than 10 minutes.

Question 19

Nightmares

Answer 19

REM, remembered. Less common in adults. 4-8 times per year.

Question 20

REM without Atonia

Answer 20

no paralysis during REM Sleep.

Question 21

Restless Legs

Answer 21

urge to move legs a lot when falling asleep

Question 22

Sleep Talking

Answer 22

not a diagnosis, very common in children, Don’t usually reveal secrets, meaningless responses

Question 23

How to get good sleep

Answer 23

reduce stress, especially before sleep. Regular exercise, but not before bed. Stay mentally active during day. Time management. Less caffeine, smoking, and alcohol.