Chapter 4 - Vygotsky's Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

Imaginary Audience

A
  • feeling like the center of attention
  • ability to critically evaluate self leads to assume that everyone else is also critically evaluating you
  • explains conformity, susceptibility to peer pressure
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2
Q

Personal Fable

A
  • belief that one’s thoughts, feelings experiences are unique
  • new experiences = uniqueness
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3
Q

Illusion of invulnerability

A
  • belief that nothing bad can happen to me (unique)
  • explains risk taking behavior
  • immaturity of pre-frontal cortex while limbic system grows faster (amygdala)
  • evolution - to “leave the nest”
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4
Q

Limits of Piaget’s theory

A
  • under-estimated infants abilities - infants have more knowledge
  • vague processes
  • individual differences in performance not explained
  • undervalues influence of sociocultural environment
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5
Q

Vygotsky’s theory

A
  • constructivist theory (building our belief about the world)
  • children as social beings
  • learning happens through social plane/interactions
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6
Q

Intersubjectivity

A
  • mutual shared understanding among participants in an activity
  • social behaviours shapes internal thoughts and understanding
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7
Q

Guided Participation

A
  • cognitive growth results from children’s involvement in structured activities with others who are more skilled than them
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8
Q

Main contributions to education

A

ZPD - range of tasks too difficult to do alone but with others is fine - skills in the zone should be focuses of education

Scaffolding - respond to the child’s reactions in the learning situation
- start small steps and more guidance then give more challenges

Language and thought:
- private speech - children use self directed speech to guide behaviour
- Piaget said it represents egocentrism but could be good emotional regulation
-Inner speech - internalization of private speech (requires practice; 3-7 years old)

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9
Q

Lessons from Piaget

A
  • Children are curious and active learners
  • facilitate dont direct
  • consider the childs stage
  • learning happens naturally
  • foster sense of exploration and discovery
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10
Q

Lessons from Vygotsky:

A
  • use ZPD do develop curriculum and asses performance
  • treat each child as an individual
  • use more-skilled peers as mentors
  • monitor and encourage children private speech
  • place instruction in meaningful context
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