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PHM 704 Pediatrics and Geriatrics > Immunizations > Flashcards

Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

Influenza vaccines available

A

IIV4, RIV4 or LAIV4

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2
Q

Influenza recommended ages

A

> 6 months (IIV4)
18 years (RIV4)
2 to 49 years (LAIV4)

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3
Q

Influenza dosing

A

1 dose annually during September/October
Children 6 months through 8 years who have only received one or no lifetime doses require 2 doses >4 weeks apart

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4
Q

Influenza efficacy

A

~50%, reduces symptomatic illness, medical visits, hospitalization, and death.
Immunity delayed 2 weeks after vaccination

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5
Q

Influenza contraindications

A

IIV4 and LAIV: h/o anaphylaxis
LAIV4 ONLY: Pregnancy, immunocompromise, children aged 2-4 yo w/ asthma, children/adolescents treated w/ aspirin/salicylates (risk of Reye syndrome), treatment with influenza antivirals within past 48 hours

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6
Q

Why is influenza vaccine modified annually?

A

Antigenic drift

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7
Q

What is antigenic drift

A

Gradual protein changes

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8
Q

What is antigenic shift

A

Drastic protein changes

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9
Q

Can you get the flu vaccine with an egg allergy

A

Heck yeah, get the cell-cultured or recombinant

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10
Q

COVID-19 vaccines available

A

Pfizer (COMIRNATY)
Moderna (SPIKEVAX)
Novavax

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11
Q

Recommended ages

A

Pfizer: 6 mo - 4 yo = yellow cap, 5 -11 yo = blue cap, 12+ yo = grey cap
Moderna: 6 mo - 11 yo = green label, 12+ yo = blue label
Novavax: 12+ yo = syringe

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12
Q

COVID-19 vaccine dosing

A

See dosing chart in notes

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13
Q

COVID vaccine efficacy

A

~90%

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14
Q

COVID-19 Contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis or an immediate allergic reaction to vaccine ingredients, including PEG

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15
Q

COVID-19 vaccine ADRs

A

Myocarditis and pericarditis (rare), most common in adolescents and young adult males. Mainly injection site reactions (pain, fever, fatigue).

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16
Q

Pneumococccal vaccines available

A

PCV15, PCV20, PPSV23

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17
Q

Pneumococcal recommended ages

A

PCV: >/= 6 weeks
PPSV: >/=2 years

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18
Q

Pneumococcal ADRs

A

Rare: febrile seizures in children when administered with IIV

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19
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine special considerations

A

Patients with asplenia are at a higher risk for invasive pneumococcal disease and require vaccination
When administering PCV15 and PPSV23, do the PCV15 first.

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20
Q

Tdap/DTaP contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis to the vaccine/components
*may contain latex, yeast, neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin
Encephalopathy of unidentified cause <7 days after vaccination with DTaP/Tdap

21
Q

Tdap/DTaP Special considerations

A

Tdap is recommended every pregnancy in the early 3rd trimester (27-36 weeks)

22
Q

Hepatitis A Contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis to the vaccine/components. Havrix and Vaqta have neomycin and pre-filled syringes contain latex
Twinrix contains yeast and neomycin

23
Q

mRNA vaccines

A

Pfizer/Moderna COVID-19

24
Q

Inactivated vaccines

A

HepA
IIV4
Pertussis
IPV

25
Q

Recombinant vaccines

A

Novavax
HepB
HPV
Zoster

26
Q

Conjugated vaccines

A

Hib
Meningiococcal
PCV15 and PCV20

27
Q

Polysaccharide vaccines

A

PPSV23

28
Q

Toxoid vaccines

A

Tetanus and diphtheria

29
Q

Live-attenuated vaccines

A

LAIV4
MMR
Rotavirus
Varicella

30
Q

Ultracold freezer vaccine

A

Pfizer COVID-19

31
Q

Freezer vaccines

A

Moderna COVID-19
MMR-II
MMRV
Varicella

32
Q

Room temp vaccines

A

Pfizer COVID-19
Moderna COVID-19
MMR Priorix

33
Q

Vaccines to protect from light

A

Novavax
LAIV4
MMR-II
MMR Priorix
MMRV
Zoster

34
Q

Vaccines given SQ

A

PPSV23
IPV
MMR
MMRV
Varicella

35
Q

Vaccine administered intranasally

A

LAIV4

36
Q

Vaccine administered orally

A

Rotavirus

37
Q

DTap-IPV vaccine

A

Kinrix
Quadracel

38
Q

DTaP-IPV-Hib vaccine

A

Pentacel

39
Q

DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine

A

Pediarix

40
Q

DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB vaccine

A

Vaxelis

41
Q

HepA-HepB vaccine

A

Twinrix

42
Q

MMRV vaccine

A

ProQuad

43
Q

Meningococcal ABCWY vaccine

A

Penbraya

44
Q

HepB vaccine contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis to the vaccine or its components like latex.
Twinrix: yeast and neomycin
Pediarix: neomycin and polymyxin B
Vaxelis: neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin

45
Q

HPV vaccine dosing

A

2 doses age 9-14 years
3 doses age 15-49 years, or if immunocompromised

46
Q

HPV contraindications

A

h/o anaphylaxis and during pregnancy

47
Q

MMRV special considerations

A

Live attenuated viruses must be given on the same day or at least 4 weeks apart
Delay TST for 4 weeks unless given ont he same day
Administer separately for 12-15 month dose

48
Q

Rotavirus vs RotaTeq

A

Rotarix: 2 doses
RotaTeq: 3 doses

Rotarix has latex in oral applicator

PHM 704 Pediatrics and Geriatrics (21 decks)

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