2.2

Question 1

When a cell prepares to divide, the DNA collects into)____, which in normal human are arranged into _____in all cells except sperm and ova.

Answer 1

chromosomes
23 pairs.

Question 2

Gamestes contain

Answer 2

one half of each pair-a total of 23 chromosomes

Question 3

When cells divide to reproduce themselves, the process is called

Answer 3

mitosis which creates two cells with identical sets of chromosomes

Question 4

Meisosis is a cell division process that produces

Answer 4

ova and sperm, each of which contains one half of the full set of chromosomes,

Question 5

Genotyoe refers to the genes that an individual

Answer 5

inherits, half from the mother and half from the father

Question 6

Each half of genes is called

Answer 6

allele

Question 7

Nearly all human characteristics are plygenic meaning they

Answer 7

are determined by more than one gene pair

Question 8

Normally women inherit 2 chromosomes : normal men inherit and X and a Y. Traits that are controlled by these sex chromosomes are called

Answer 8

sex-linked traits

Question 9

Chance dertmines which half of a chromosome pair is transmitted to a gamete- a process called

Answer 9

independent assortment

Question 10

Genetic mutations occur when the DNA molecule is

Answer 10

altered during cell division.

Question 11

Nongenetic, environmental forces (“nurture”) also affect development, and are in constant, dynamic interaction with genetic forces (“nature”). Gene- environment interactions occur at man levels:

Answer 11

genes, neural activity, behavior, and a culture

Question 12

Epigentics

Answer 12

Where environmental forces produce in the non-gene DNA that provides instructions to turn gene “on” or “off”