TBI Flashcards
injury that occurs at the time of trauma
TBI primary injury
what is the pathogenesis of TBI primary injuries?
diffuse axonal injury d/t coup and counter-coup
injury that is initiated at the time of initial trauma and continues for hours or days
TBI secondary injury
what does TBI secondary injury lead to? (3)
neuron death
cerebral edema
increase ICP
what kind of injuries will result in greater axonal damage? (2)
assault
falling object
unable to remember things that happened after the injury
anterograde amnesia
unable to remember what happened right before the injury
retrograde amnesia
a patient opens their eyes when spoken to, can have a conversation but is disoriented, and makes withdrawal movements to pain. what is their GCS?
11
a patient opens their eyes when you walk in the room, grunts, and follows motor commands. what is their GCS?
12
a patient only opens their eyes when you pinch their skin, says inappropriate words, and uses extensor posturing to pain. what is their GCS?
7
what is the classification of TBI if GCS is 13-15?
mild
what is the classification of TBI if LOC is over 30 mins and GCS is 9-12?
moderate
what is the classification of TBI if LOC is over 24 hours and GCS is 3-8?
severe
in which patients is hospital admission recommended? (4)
GCS < 15
abnormal CT
seizures
underlying coagulopathy
what is the management for moderate/severe TBIs? (3)
monitor for ischemia, cerebral edema, increased ICP
monitor for coagulopathy (PT/INR)
monitor for seizures (EEG)