Ch 32 Muscoskeletal Injuries

Question 1

Order of vertebrae

Answer 1

Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacrum
Coccyx

Question 2

White outer layer of bone

Answer 2

Periosteum

Question 3

Cartilage

Answer 3

Connective tissue covering outside of bone end, allows for smooth moving joints

Question 4

Tendons

Answer 4

Muscles to bone, allows for power of movement
Muscles = tender

Question 5

Ligaments

Answer 5

Connective tissue attaching bone ends, allows for stable motion

Question 6

Closed tibia-tibia fracture

Answer 6

500 cc (1 pint) blood loss

Question 7

Femur fracture

Answer 7

1000 cc blood loss

Question 8

Pelvic fracture

Answer 8

1500-2000 cc blood loss

Question 9

Comminuted fracture

Answer 9

Broken in several places

Question 10

Greenstick fracture

Answer 10

Break is incomplete

Question 11

Dislocation

Answer 11

Soft tissue of joint capsule and ligaments torn

Question 12

Sprain

Answer 12

Stretching and testing of ligament, mostly joints

Question 13

Strain

Answer 13

Overstretching muscle

Question 14

Compartment syndrome

Answer 14

Caused by severe swelling in extremity
Limb tissues no longer perfused
Blood flow lost, limb may be lost

Question 15

Compartment syndrome treatment

Answer 15

Cold application and elevate

Question 16

Realignment of deformity

Answer 16

Limited to angulated shafts of long bones (humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula)

Question 17

Injured joints align

Answer 17

Do not realign, splint in position found
Unless distal extremity is cyanotic or lacks pulses

Question 18

Rigid vs formable splints

Answer 18

Rigid splint in anatomical position, long bone think cardboard
Formable splint in position found think pillow

Question 19

Splint

Answer 19

Injury site and adjacent joints

Question 20

Traction splint contraindications

Answer 20

Pelvis, hip, or knee injury
Injury to lower third of leg

Question 21

Fracture of clavicle indication

Answer 21

Dropped shoulder, holding arm against chest
Clavicle, scapula, or top of humerus: sling and swath
Do not tie sling if cervical spinal injury

Question 22

Hip dislocation

Answer 22

Posterior more common, hip twisted inward

Question 23

Patella vs knee dislocation

Answer 23

Patella: knee stuck in flexion, kneecap displaced and palpable
Knee: tibia is not aligned with femur

Question 24

Air splint

Answer 24

For stabilizing injuries below elbow or knee