Amino acids Flashcards
What percentage of the body is made up of proteins?
18%
What elements do all proteins contain?
C, H, O and N
What is a structural use of proteins in the body?
Muscle fibres, hair (keratin) and bones
What is a use of proteins in the immune system?
Antibodies
What is a use of proteins in cells for reactions?
Enzymes
What is a use of proteins in the nucleus?
Histone proteins which DNA is wound around
What is a use of proteins in the blood?
Proteins such as albumin or some hormones such as insulin
What is a use of proteins in membranes?
Channel proteins, receptor proteins and carrier proteins
What is the polymer of proteins?
Polypeptides
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino acids
How is a protein formed?
Amino acids are joined together at the ribosomes which make up the polypeptide which is then folded up into a protein
How many different amino acids are there?
20
How many proteins are essential?
9
How many proteins are non-essential?
5
How many proteins are conditionally essential (needed by growing children)?
6