ecology and the environment Flashcards

1
Q

population

A

all the organisms of one species living in a particular habitat at a certain time

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2
Q

community

A

all organisms of all species found in a particular area at a certain time

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3
Q

habitat

A

the place where an organism lives

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4
Q

ecosystem

A

community of living organisms together with their non-living environment

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5
Q

biotic factors

A

biological

  • availability of food + competition
  • predation
  • parasitism
  • disease
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6
Q

abiotic factors

A

physical and chemical

  • climate e.g light intensity, temp, water availability
  • hours of daylight
  • soil conditions
  • pollution
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7
Q

producers

A

organism that makes its own food

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8
Q

primary consumer

A

organism that feeds on producer

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9
Q

secondary consumer

A

organism that feeds on primary consumer

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10
Q

tertiary consumer

A

organism that feeds on secondary consumer

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11
Q

decomposers

A

organism that feeds by breaking down the dead remains of other organisms

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12
Q

why only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another

A

90% of the energy is lost because:

  • some parts of the food are not eaten
  • some parts are not digested and therefore not absorbed
  • some of the materials absorbed form excretory products
  • many of the materials are respired to release energy
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