Exercise for Special Populations - Cardiac Rehab & Physical disabilities (SCI) (NOT IN EXAM) Flashcards

1
Q

What % of adults (UK) don’t meet PA recommendations, and what % have obesity?

A

37% do not meet PA recommendations.
28% have obesity

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2
Q

What are common medications for cardiac patients?

A

B-blockers
- decrease HR and/or BP
- decrease work of the heart

Anti-arrhythmia medication (calcium channel blockers)
- control dangerous heart rhythms, risk of bleeding increase

Nitroglycerin
- relax smooth muscle in veins to reduce venous return
- reduce angina symptoms

patient implications: decrease maximal exercise capacity, increase muscle fatigue, risk of hypotension

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3
Q

What does graded exercise testing (GXT) include monitoring of?

A
  • ECG (12-lead) - HR and rhythm, signs of ischemia
  • BP
  • RPE
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4
Q

If any of the following symptoms occur, stop exercise and evaluate:

A
  • chest pain or tightness
  • dizziness or faintness
  • pain in the arm or jaw
  • severe shortness of breath
  • an irregular heartbeat
  • excessive fatigue
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5
Q

Cardiac rehab is safe and effective and should start within 10 days of discharge from hospital. What are the 3 phases of cardiac rehab?

A

1) inpatient exercise program
2) outpatient exercise, close supervision
3) less direct supervision, may be home-based

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6
Q

What are the AHA recommendations for PA in adults for overall CV health?

A
  • > 30 mins mod-intensity aerobic activity at least 5 days per week. Per week for a total of 150 mins.
    OR…
  • > 25 mins vig-aerobic activity at least 3 days per week. Per week for a total of 75 mins,
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7
Q

Rank (%) the disability types who get no aerobic PA

A

Mobility (57%)
Cognitive (40%)
Vision (36%)
Hearing (33%)
None (26%)

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8
Q

What does the summary of evidence suggest with regards to exercise prescription for disabled people?

A

‘Low to moderate confidence in evidence that 3-5 sessions per week of upper-body aerobic exercise at moderate to vigorous-intensity for 20 –44 mins can improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and CVD risk’

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9
Q

What are some considerations when prescribing exercise to disabled individuals?

A

Determine the level of functional independence and assistance required
- ROM, sitting and standing balance, spasticity, strength imbalances

Invisible issues
- post exercise hypotension could lead to syncope
- minimise triggers for autonomic dysreflexia (should empty bowel and bladder before exercise)
- impaired thermoregulatory control

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