Structure 2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are cations formed from?

A

Low ionisation energy elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anions

A

Non-metals gaining electrons to form a full outer shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Isoelectric

A

Two different species with the same electron configuration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Transition element

A

Element with a partially filled d subshell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is special about transition elements?

A

It can form multiple ions with different charges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ionic bond

A

Sum of all of the electrostatic attractive and repulsive forces between ions in the lattice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lattice enthalpy value tells you what?

A

How strong the ionic bonds are in a particular ionic lattice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The smaller the ion, the ___ of the lattice enthalpy

A

The greater the lattice enthalpy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The greater the charge, the ___ of the lattice enthalpy

A

The greater the lattice enthalpy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Properties of ionic compounds

A

High melting and boiling points, electrical conductivity, solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

A

They have strong electrostatic forces which require high energy to overcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ionic compound’s electrical conductivity

A

In the solid state, don’t conduct as no free electrons and ions are in fixed positions. In molten state, they are electrolytes (no free electrons but mobile ions carry charge) so can conduct but decompose chemically when they do so.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ionic compounds solubility

A

Most ionic compounds are soluble in water. Water makes compounds hydrated (exothermic reaction) and if this energy is greater than the lattice enthalpy, the salt dissolves in water and lattice can be broken by sufficient energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Polyatomic ions

A

Are ions that consist of two or more atoms bonded together with covalent bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly