SACCM 18: Upper Airway Disease Flashcards
Where do the upper airways terminate?
thoracic inlet of the trachea
What are the primary abnormalities in dogs with BOAS?
- stenotic nares
- enlongated soft palate
- hypoplastic trachea
- nasopharyngeal turbinates
What are secondary abnormalities from chronic increased resistance to airflow in dogs with BOAS?
- everted laryngeal saccules
- tonsillar eversions
- laryngeal collapse
- tracheal collapse
- chronic GI sgins
- syncope
How much does the nose contribute to resistance to airflow in a normal dog?
80%
What is the first line medical management for BOAS?
- weight loss
- control of excitement and activity triggers
- medical management of GI signs
- treatment of underlying pulmonary parenchymal disease
List 5 surgical procedures which may be used to treat BOAS
- widening of nares
- soft palate resection
- everted saccules resection
- tonsillectomy
- cricoarytenoid lateralization with arytenoid laryngoplasty (laryngeal collapse)
Where do nasopharyngeal polyps originate?
from the mucosa of the auditory tube or middle ear
What is the recurrence of nasopharyngeal polyps after traction avulsion?
40-50%
What is an alternative surgical treatment to traction avulsion in nasopharyngeal polyps?
ventral bulla osteotomy
In laryngeal paralysis xxxxxxxxxx nerve dysfunction leads to weakness of the xxxxxxxxxx muscle which abducts the xxxxxxxxxx cartilage.
In laryngeal paralysis recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction leads to weakness of the cricoarytenoid muscle muscle which abducts the arytenoid cartilages.
List causes of laryngeal paralysis
- congenital denervation
- traumatic
- iatrogenic (e.g., thyroidectomy surgery)
- idiopathic (e.g., GOLPP)
- neoplastic
- diffuse neuromuscular disease (e.g., myasthenia gravis)
- hypothyroidism
What are the 3 grades of laryngeal collapse
- eversion fo the laryngeal saccules
- medial positioning of the cuneiform processes and aryepiglottid collapse
- collapse of the corniculate cartilages
