GU dz (lec 19, 20) Flashcards

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1
Q

Treponema pallidum (syphilis) microbe characteristics?

A

G- spirochete
Obligate parasite
Ulcerative (inflamm response)

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2
Q

T. pallidum virulence factors?

A

Fibronectin coat -> antiphago

Hyaluronidase -> infiltration

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3
Q

T. syphilis epidemiology?

A

Human
Horizontal/Vertical transmission
Direct contact

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4
Q

T. syphilis 1º?

A

Subepith entry
Local multiplication -> lymph nodes/blood
Chancre (raised/firm border)-> heals 3-8 wks

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5
Q

T. syphilis 2º?

A

Dormancy 2-10 wks
↑↑ contagious rash (doesn’t spare palms/plantar)
Immune complexes in arteries

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6
Q

T. syphilis latent?

A

No sxs
Early - can relapse
> 1 yr - immune to relapse

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7
Q

T. syphilis 3º?

A

5-20 yrs post
Meningovascular/neuro Δs or
CV w/ aortic aneurysm or
Granulomata in skin/bones

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8
Q

Congenital syphilis presentation?

A
Signs @ 3 wks:
Rash,
Nasal obstruction w/ infectious d/c,
Osteitis of nasal bone,
Neurosyph
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9
Q

Hutchinson’s Triad is?

A

w/ congen syph:
Notched incisors,
Interstitial keratitis,
8th nn deafness

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10
Q

Syphilis tests?

A

Darkfield/immunofluo -> 1º or 2º
Serum antibodies:
Screen w/ VDRL, RPR
Confirm w/ treponemal Ab tests

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11
Q

N. gonorrhoeae microbe characteristics?

A

G- kidney bean diplo

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12
Q

N. gonorrhoeae virulence factors?

A
Antigenic variation of pili
Plasmid/Chromo resistance to abx
Nonpili phase -> Φ antibodies
Porin proteins -> attachment
IgA protease
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13
Q

N. gonorrhoeae resistant to what abx?

A

PCN
TCN
Fluoroq

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14
Q

N. gonorrhoeae epidemiology?

A

(U) adolescents

(U) asymp carrier

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15
Q

N. gonorrhoeae infection mechanism?

A

Epith attachment (pili, memb prot)
Δ surface proteins (anti-ant, antiphago)
LOS/pepgly cell injury
Pilar spread

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16
Q

N. gonorrhoeae presentation:

W?

M?

A

Colonization of endocirvix/urethra

Colonization of ant urethra w/ white d/c

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17
Q

N. gonorrhoeae complications?

A

Acute salpingitis (fallop tube)
PID
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection (DGI)

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18
Q

DGI presentation?

A

fever/rash

purulent arthritis

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19
Q

N. gonorrhoeae tests?

A

Nucleic Acid Amp (PCR) dx

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20
Q

C. trachomaits microbe characteristics?

A

G-
Obligate intracell (req host ATP)
Elementary bodies/reticulate bodies

21
Q

C. trachomaits presentation?

A

similar to gonorr

(P) lymphogranuloma vereum

22
Q

Chlamydia infection mechanism?

A

Host mucosal cells collapse -> pull away from e/o

Toxin B

23
Q

Chlamydia tests?

A
Isolation cx (standard)
PCR (better)
24
Q

Mycoplasma hominis causes?

A

pyeloneph, PID

25
Q

M. genitalium causes?

A

non-gonn GU infection

26
Q

Ureaplasma urealyticum causes?

A

Very common cause of non-gonn GU infection

Cause of most NGU in men

Causes chorioamnionitis/postpartum fever

27
Q

Main types of vaginitis?

A

Trichomoniasis
Bacterial vaginosis
Yeast vaginitis

28
Q

Types of Trichomoniasis? (3)

A

t. tenax -> + mouth
t. hominis -> + intestines
t. vaginalis -> causes STD

29
Q

Tricho. vaginalis microbe characteristics?

A

Flagellated protozoan
Trophozoite
Extracellular anaerobe

30
Q

T. vaginalis presentation:

W?

M?

A

↑↑ frothy/smelly d/c

(U) asympt

31
Q

T. vaginalis tests?

A

Wet mount

DNA probe

32
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis epidemiology?

A

NOT STD
(U) overgrowth due to ↑ pH
IUDs, prior STD

33
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis tests?

A

Clue cells
Fishy odor when add KOH
Curved G-/+ rods
Gray, homogenous d/c

34
Q

Candidiases etiology?

A

opportunistic mycoses

N skin/mucous flora

35
Q

Triggers for Candidiases?

A
Φ competing flora
Abnormal site
Pathologic environment change
Immun defect
Abx use
36
Q

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis etiology?

A

(yeast infection)

c. ablicans

37
Q

Yeast infect presentation?

A

Thick, white, frothy d/c
No smell
Itching/burning

38
Q

C. albicans virulence factors?

A

several morph -> all can attach

Germ tube most adhesive

39
Q

C. albicans tests?

A

Micro exam = large G+ cells

Cx germ tube, hyphae, chromagar

40
Q

Haemophilus microbe characteristics?

A

G- coccobacillus

non-motile

41
Q

H. ducreyi causes?

A

chancroid

42
Q

Chancroid presentation:

W?

M?

A

regional LAD
soft chancre

W: asympt or nondescript lesion

M: tender papule -> ulcer w/ sharp margins

43
Q

Soft chancre presentation?

A

Single blister/papule -> pustule/ulcer
Autoinoculates -> multiple ulcers
Painful, bleeds easily, soft/ragged edges w/ pus

44
Q

Chancroid tests?

A

Isolate h. ducreyi

PCR

45
Q

PID is?

A

microbe ascension into endometrium, fallopians, etc

46
Q

PID caused by?

A

n. gonorr, c. trach, e coli

47
Q

PID presentation?

A
low abd pain
vag d/c
painful sex
fever/chills
irreg cycle
48
Q

PID diagnostics?

A

Clinical

Evidence of inflamm: fever, leukocytosis, ↑ ESR