1C

Question 1

What is risk?

1C.1 - Risk, correlation, cause

Answer 1

Risk : Defined as the chance / probability that a harmful event will occur
- An individuals perception of risk may be different to the actual risk of smth occurring
- Statistical chance of an event occurring oftern bears LITTLE resemblance to someones pereception of the risk
= Lower risk of of dying in plane crash than car crash > More ppl have fear of flying than cars though

Question 2

Describe cholesterol

1C.4 - Diet + CVD health

Answer 2

• Type of lipid in the body
  Required for
  1. Cell membrane functioning
  2. Sex hormone structure
  3. Synthesis of bile
• Cholesterol is transported around the body as lipoproteins
• 2 types of lipoproteins&raquo_space; HDL + LDL
• Balance of HDL + LDL is important factor in risk of developing heart disease

Question 3

What is the function of High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)?

1C.4 - Diet + CVD health

Answer 3

HDL : Unsaturated fats
Fat, cholesterol, protein
- Transport cholesterol from body tissues to the liver to be recycled / excreted
- Responsible for reducing blood cholesterol level when too high
- HDL also thought to contribute to removal of cholesterol from fatty plaques that form during atherosclerosis

Question 4

What is the function of Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)?

1C.4 - Diet + CVD health

Answer 4

LDL : Saturated fats
- Role of LDL is to move cholesterol from the liver into the bloodstream (where it remains until required by cells)
- Increase blood cholesterol levels when they are too low
- LDL bind to receptors on cell surface membranes > allowing them to be taken up by cells that need them
- High level of LDL can lead to blockage of membrane receptors causing blood cholesterol levels to rise

Question 5

How are HDL and LDL linked to CVD?

1C.4 - Diet + CVD health

Answer 5

• LDL thought as BAD cholesterol
• When body has too much LDL chol. the membrane receptors on the surface of cells are blocked > RISE in blood chol.
• Chol. contributes to formation of plaques in arteries
• HDL thoughts as GOOD cholesterol
• bcoz HDL carry chol. to the liver where it is broken down and excreted > LOWERING blood chol.
• Ratio is important should be 3:1 of LDL : HDL
• LDL : HDL higher than 5:1 is increases risk of developing CVD