Lesson 2: The behaviourist approach (Classical Conditioning)

Question 1

What are the 3 key assumptions of the behaviourist approach
(Hint: objective, environment, humans+animals)

Answer 1

1) concerned with OBSERVATIONAL behaviour that can be OBJECTIVELY + scientifically measured

2) all behaviour is learned from the environment and can be reduced to a STIMULUS response association

3)little difference between the learning that takes place in ANIMALS + humans

Question 2

What does the behaviourist approach suggest about behaviour?

Answer 2

All behaviour is LEARNT

Question 3

According to the behaviourist approach, how can behaviour be learnt?

Answer 3

Through classical conditioning

Question 4

What is classical conditioning

Answer 4

Learning via association

Question 5

What happens during classical conditioning?

Answer 5

A stimulus produces the same response as another stimulus as they have been CONTINUOUSLY presented at the same time

Question 6

Which psychologist did research into the process of classical conditioning

Answer 6

Ivan Pavlov

Question 7

What did Pavlov initially investigate?

Answer 7

He investigated the SALIVATING REFLEX in dogs

-noticed that dogs would not ONLY salivate at food BUT other stimuli e.g appearance of their dog bowl

Question 8

What was Pavlov set out to explore after he investigated how the presence of certain stimuli had an affect on dogs

Answer 8

decided to see if he could teach dogs how to SALIVATE at the ringing of a bell

Question 8

Outline pavlov’s investigation into the process of classical conditioning (BEFORE classical conditioning)

Answer 8

Bell (NEUTRAL stimulus) is rung + presented alone without the presence of food = no conditioned response (salivating)

Question 9

Outline pavlov’s investigation into the process of classical conditioning (DURING classical conditioning)

Answer 9

food (unconditioned stimulus) + bell (neutral stimulus) to produce salivating (unconditioned response)

Question 10

Outline pavlov’s investigation into the process of classical conditioning (AFTER classical conditioning)

Answer 10

neutral stimulus BECOMES conditioned stimulus
which produced a CONDITIONED response