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ABDOMEN > 2 – Dog Digestive Tract > Flashcards

2 – Dog Digestive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Peritoneum:

A

-mesothelium supported by loose connective tissue (serosa)
-simple squamous epithelium

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2
Q

Parietal peritoneum:

A

-serosa lining wall of abdominal, pelvic, and scrotal cavities

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3
Q

Visceral peritoneum:

A

-serosa covering organs suspended in abdominal and pelvic cavities

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4
Q

Connecting peritoneum:

A

-double sheet of peritoneum connecting parietal and visceral peritoneum OR regions of visceral peritoneum
*uninterrupted

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5
Q

Greater omentum:

A

-large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach
-from greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon

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6
Q

Peritoneal cavity:

A

-enclosed by parietal and visceral peritoneum
-surrounds suspended organs

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7
Q

Intraperitoneal:

A

-not actually in peritoneal cavity
-surrounds it and covered by visceral peritoneum
Ex. jejunum

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8
Q

Retroperitoneal:

A

-behind the parietal peritoneum
-covered by peritoneum only on one side
Ex. kidneys, aorta (in dog)

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9
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A

-reception
-storage
-mechanical reduction
-chemical digestion
-absorption
-elimination of unabsorbed residues

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10
Q

What are the components of the digestive system?

A

-digestive (alimentary, GI) tract
-glands

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11
Q

What are the components of the digestive tract?

A

-mouth
-pharynx (oropharynx, laryngopharynx)
-esophagus
-stomach
-SI
-LI

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12
Q

What are the glands of the digestive system?

A

-salivary glands
-liver
-pancreas

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13
Q

What are the 4 layers of tubular organs?

A

-tunica mucosa
-tela submucosa
-tunica muscularis
-tunica serosa/adventitia

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14
Q

Tunica mucosa:

A

-epithelium
-supported by connective tissue

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15
Q

Tela submucosa:

A

-connective tissue

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16
Q

Tunica muscularis:

A

-smooth or skeletal muscle

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17
Q

Digestive tract epithelium: stratified squamous

A

-lips to esophagus to anal canal
-non-keratinized and keratinized regions
*lots of cells and glands that produce mucus

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18
Q

What are examples the non-keratinized regions of the digestive tract epithelium?

A

-lips
-proximal anal canal

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19
Q

What are examples the keratinized regions of the digestive tract epithelium?

A

-hard palate
-tongue
-distal anal canal

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20
Q

What are examples the non-keratinized and keratinized regions of the digestive tract epithelium?

A

-cheeks
-oropharynx
-laryngopharynx
-esophagus

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21
Q

Digestive tract epithelium: simple columnar

A

-stomach
-small intestine
-large intestine (except anal canal)

22
Q

Stomach:

A

-3 layers of tunica muscularis
-3 glandular regions of mucosa
-parietal cells secrete HCl
-chief cells secret pepsinogen

23
Q

What are the 3 layers of the stomach tunica muscularis?

A

-outer longitudinal
-middle circular
-inner oblique

24
Q

What are the 3 glandular regions of the stomach mucosa?

A

-cardiac gland region
-gastric (fundic) gland region
-pyloric gland region

25
Q

Cardiac gland region (stomach mucosa):

A

-mucous glands with occasional parietal cells
-region surrounding the esophageal opening

26
Q

Gastric (fundic) gland region (stomach mucosa):

A

-glands constructed mostly of parietal and chief cells
-blind sac to the left of cardiac part

27
Q

Pyloric gland region (stomach mucosa):

A

-mucous glands with interspersed parietal cells
-extends from angular incisure to the pylorus
>distal constriction of the stomach containing the sphincter

28
Q

Body (stomach):

A

-main part of stomach
-between fundus and angular incisure of the lesser curvature

29
Q

Pyloric part of stomach: 2 segments

A

-pyloric antrum: wide, proximal
-pyloric canal: narrow, distal

30
Q

Small intestine regions:

A

-duodenum
-jejunum
-ileum

31
Q

Small intestine:

A

-mucosal surface has villi
-tunica muscularis has outer longitudinal and inner circular layers

32
Q

Large intestine regions:

A

-cecum
-colon
-rectum
-canal

33
Q

Large intestine

A

-no villi

34
Q

Ileal ostium:

A

-opening between the small and large intestines

35
Q

Ileal ostium in dogs:

A

-passageway between ileum and ascending colon
>ileum in dogs does not open into cecum

36
Q

Cecocolic ostium:

A

-passageway between the ascending colon and cecum
>located further distally to ileal ostium

37
Q

Tunica muscularis large intestine: outer longitudinal layer

A

-ends at anorectal junction

38
Q

Tunica muscularis large intestine: inner circular layer

A

-continues into anal canal
-terminates as internal anal sphincter

39
Q

What are the direct branches of the abdominal aorta in cranial to caudal order?

A

-celiac artery
-cranial mesenteric artery
-phrenicoabdominal arteries (each officially known as the common trunk of the caudal phrenic and cranial abdominal arteries)
-renal arteries
-ovarian/testicular arteries
-caudal mesenteric artery
-deep circumflex iliac arteries
-external iliac arteries
-internal iliac arteries

40
Q

What is the caudal continuation of the abdominal aorta after branching of the internal ilac arteries?

A

-median sacral artery
>can be paired in dogs

41
Q

What also branches off the dorsal surface of the abdominal aorta?

A

-5 pairs of lumbar arteries
(first 2 already branched off the thoracic aorta)

42
Q

Which arteries are unpaired?

A

-celiac artery
-cranial mesenteric artery
-caudal mesenteric artery

43
Q

How does the blood from the unpaired arteries return to the caudal vena cava?

A

-portal vein
-liver sinusoids
-hepatic veins

44
Q

What all courses in the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

-portal vein
-hepatic artery
-bile duct

45
Q

Epiploic foramen:

A

-opening between the greater peritoneal cavity and the omental bursa (lesser peritoneal cavity)

46
Q

What are the boundaries of the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

-dorsally: caudal vena cava
-cranially: liver
-ventrally: portal vein
-caudally: hepatic artery

47
Q

What are the 3 branches of the celiac artery?

A

-hepatic
-left gastric
-splenic

48
Q

Blood supply to intestines

A

-cranial mesenteric: except for very beginning and end
-caudal mesenteric artery

49
Q

Root of the mesentery:

A

-spot where mesentery wraps around cranial mesenteric artery
>colon is cranial
>duodenum is caudal

50
Q

Portal vein includes:

A

-gastroduodenal vein
-splenic vein
-cranial mesenteric vein
-caudal mesenteric vein

ABDOMEN (8 decks)

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