2: HRPF Flashcards
Health Related Fitness Components
- Cardio-respiratory fitness
- Muscular endurance
- Muscular strength
- Flexibility
- Body composition
- Cardio-respiratory fitness
– Ability of circulatory and respiratory system to supply oxygen to working muscles during sustained PA & ability of muscles to use the oxygen.
– CV exercise (e.g. swimming, jogging, cycling) depend on the respiratory, cardiovascular, and skeletal systems
Low CR fitness increases the risk of:
– Premature death from all causes
– Premature death from CVD
– Developing CVD, Type 2 diabetes etc
High CR fitness is related to:
– Higher levels of habitual PA
– Higher PA levels are associated with many health benefits
- Muscular Endurance
o Ability of a muscle group to perform repeated contractions (at a submax level) over a period without tiring
OR
o Ability to maintain a specific % of the max voluntary contraction for a prolonged period
Muscular endurance improves/maintains:
– Bone mass (thus reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis)
– Glucose tolerance (thus reduces the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
– Ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL)
– FFM and resting metabolic rate, which helps to manage weight
– Lower the risk of injury and low back pain
- Muscular strength
o Ability of a muscle group to develop maximal contractile force against a resistance in a single contraction
o Ability to perform activities that require high levels of muscular force
- Flexibility
Ability to move a joint through its complete range of movement
o Maintaining flexibility of all joints facilitates movement
o Ability to perform activities of daily living
o Reduces the risk of musculoskeletal injuries and low back pain
- Body composition
o Relative amount or % of different types of body tissue (bone, muscle, fat).
o Amount of fat and fat-free/lean tissue
o % body fat and muscle mass are important for health.
Excess body fat is associated with:
high blood pressure, high cholesterol, type II diabetes, CVD, depression, poor quality of life.
Health Related Fitness Components of Fitness and Health benefits
– Strong relationship with good health
– Associated with low risk of developing diseases with physical inactivity
– Ability to perform everyday activities and engage in leisure activities and sport with vigour
– Other benefits (looks good, feels good, better quality of life)
– Can be improved through PA and exercise (diff types of PA/exercise needed to improve the components)
Physical fitness
Measurable set of characteristics determined by the PA/exercise habits (or lack of) of an individual
Factors influencing physical fitness:
– Age
– Lifestyle behaviours (e.g. diet, smoking)
– Genetics
Reasons for assessing health-related fitness (HRF)
– Inform people about their current HRF statis relative to standards, age + sex matched norms
– Indicate HRF components needing improvement
– Tailor programme to current fitness levels (motivational)
– Periodically assessing components of HRF allows progress to be tracked (motivational)
– Determine risk of developing CVD
Fundamental Principles of Assessment
A specific assessment objective, gold standard test
– Direct vs indirect tests
Error of measurement
– Level of inaccuracy from indirect tests
– Must know and report the amount of error in the measurement when using indirect tests
