20 Point Quiz Review

Question 1

If the bacteriophage count is between 30 and 300 what formula do you use for the dilution value and count?

Answer 1

N x 10[absolute value of x]

Question 2

Cell and it’s enviroment are two solutions seperated by a _____________________.

Answer 2

semipermeable membrane

Question 3

________: the net movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a solution of ____________ to ____________.

Answer 3

Osmosis: the net movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a solution of high h20 to lower h20.

Question 4

What determines the direction water molecules move?

Answer 4

the solute concentration on either side of the membrane

Question 5

When is a solution isotonic?

Answer 5

when the two solutions across the membrane have equal solute and water content

Question 6

Ultraviolet light does what?

Answer 6

Damages cells

Question 7

Cellular components capable of absorbing UV light are the ______________.

Answer 7

nucleic acids

Question 8

Because the nucleic acids are capable of absorbing UV damage, where is the primary site of damage?

Answer 8

DNA

Question 9

The major effect of UV light on cells is called?

Answer 9

Thymine Dimeritation

Question 10

What is thymine Dimeritation?

Answer 10

covalent bonding of two adjacent thymine molecules in the DNA molecule

Question 11

What does dimer formation interfere with?

Answer 11

DNA replication and Protein synthesis

Question 12

_________: An agent that either kills or inhibits growth of a microorganism

Answer 12

Antibiotic

Question 13

What are the general mechanisms of action for antibiotics?

Answer 13

Inhibits an enzyme 
Interferes with-
cell membrane permability 
cell wall synthesis 
DNA synthesis 
Protien synthesis

Question 14

___________: eliminate bacteria that cause infections by stopping the production of folate inside the cell.

Answer 14

Sulfasiazine

Question 15

___________: inhibits protein synthesis of both gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Answer 15

Streptomyocin

Question 16

____________:inhibits protein synthesis of most Gram negative bacteria

Answer 16

Gentamicin

Question 17

____________: inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis-mostly used for treatment of infection by Gram-positive

Answer 17

Vancomycin

Question 18

____________:inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis-mostly used for treatment of infection by Gram negative

Answer 18

Penecillin

Question 19

_____________: Bacteriostatic agent used to treat infection by both gram + and gram -

Answer 19

Chloramphenicol

Question 20

Botulism via _________________ is a waterborne illness

Answer 20

clostradidum botulinum

Question 21

Cholera via _______, which is severe forms is the most rapid fatal illness known today

Answer 21

vibrocholera

Question 22

Public water supplies within the US are regulated by the?

Answer 22

Food and drug Administration

Question 23

What are some of the different chemicals added to public water?

Answer 23

Chloramine
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide

Question 24

Counting the number of coliform bacteria is a?

Answer 24

commonly used indicator of sanitary water and foods

Question 25

To prevent food contamination with bacteria _________ are added to many foods to extend their product shelf life.

Answer 25

Preservatives

Question 26

What are the general symptoms of food poisoing?

Answer 26

nausea, vomitting, Abdominal cramps, dirahea

Question 27

The ____ estimates that each year roughly ______ Americans are hosptalized or die of food borne illness.

Answer 27

CDC, 1 in 6

Question 28

What are some improvements to food storage over time?

Answer 28

refridgeration, Pausterization of milk, safe canning

Question 29

What are the foods most associated with foodborne illness?

Answer 29

Raw foods of animal origin
Filter feeding shellfish
Foods that mingle the products of many individual animals
Fruit and veggies consumed raw