201 MIDTERM Flashcards
What is feminism
b 81
Kinds of feminism
- Liberal
- Radical
- Lesbian
- Ecofeminist
- Socialist
- Marxist
- Multiracial
- Postmodern
- Queer
- Third wave
- Transnational
CEDAW
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
adopted by U.N. in 1979
ratified by 186 countries
who runs, wins, & why
b
Gender terms and differences
b
Gender Identity
How someone feels internally about their gender
Gender assignment
Given to us at birth-determined by physical body type, male or female.
Inner sex
b
How systems of privilege and inequality work
Privilege is defined as “advantages people have by virtue of their status or position in society”. 2 types of privilege: Earned vs White/Male Privilege. Systems of oppression discriminate and privilege based on perceived or real differences and facilitate privilege and inequality.
Understand how hierarchies work
b
What does it mean to be oppressed?
b
What is a target group?
b
Suffrage movement
Major arguments, for and against?
b
Suffrage movement
Strategies?
b
Regime of Truth
What are they?
Power of the state?
Who holds it?
How does it effect things?
Like policy?b
imperialism
policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
globalization
the process of international integration arising from the interchange of: world views products ideas other aspects of culture
centering women as subjects of study
b
androcentrism
the practice, conscious or otherwise, of placing male human beings or the masculine point of view at the center of one’s view of the world and its culture and history.
gender
Gender is the way society creates, patterns, and rewards our understandings of “femininity” and “masculinity.”
It’s the process by which certain behaviors and performances are ascribed to “women” and “men”.
Way society creates/socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes; Societal interpretation of that fact; the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women.
Trans
the state of one’s gender identity or gender expression not matching one’s assigned sex.
Transgender people may identify as heterosexual,homosexual, bisexual, etc;
The definition of transgender includes:
- “Of, relating to, or designating a person whose identity does not conform unambiguously to conventional notions of male or female gender roles, but combines or moves between these.”
- “People who were assigned a sex, usually at birth and based on their genitals, but who feel that this is a false or incomplete description of themselves.”
- “Non-identification with, or non-presentation as, the sex (and assumed gender) one was assigned at birth.”
women’s movement
- Emerged at time of widespread reform
- Pre-Civil War reformers pushed to tackle societal problems and created new institutions (prisons, asylums, orphanages, reform public education)
- Worked to strengthen family (eradicate prostitution, drunkenness, poverty)
- Abolitionist (abolish slavery) and suffragist (equality for women) : strongest reforms!
- 1830s: Women involved in Abolitionist movement: women wrote articles, circulated pamphlets, signed and delivered petitions to Congress
- Sara and Angelina Grimke condemned by church for speeches to mixed audiences (men/women)
They advocated for women’s rights; saw parallels between slavery and treatment of women; spoke out against “coverture”
“the personal is political”
b
patriarchy
- A system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line.
- A system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.
- Males predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege and control of property; and, in the domain of the family, fathers or father-figures hold authority over women and children.
intersectionality
study of intersections between forms or systems of oppression, domination or discrimination
first wave, second wave and third wave feminist activity and their associated social movement activity and legal changes
b
2nd wave
b
3rd wave
b
institutionalization of WGS
Originated in the 1960s as a response to the absence, misrepresentation, and trivialization of women in higher education.
• Involved two main strategies…
1) Rebalancing Curriculum
• Made “women the subjects of study”
• Challenged “androcentrism” and a “patriarchal” system
-2) Transforming Traditional Knowledge--- “mainstreaming”
goals and objectives of WGS
- To provide a framework for study
2. To provide advocacy and social change
feminism
Two core principles, according to Shaw & Lee:
• Feminism “concerns equality and justice”
• Feminism “is inclusive and affirming of women and expressions of femininity” and it “celebrates women’s achievements, struggles, and works to provide a positive and affirming stance toward women and femininity”
Feminism is seen as “the politics of equality and a social movement for justice”
feminist theoretical perspectives (liberal feminism
an individualistic form of feminist theory, which focuses on women’s ability to maintain their equality through their own actions and choices.
radical [or cultural/difference] feminism
view the oppression of women as the most fundamental form of oppression, one that cuts across boundaries of race, culture, and economic class. This is a movement intent on social change, change of rather revolutionary proportions
lesbian feminism
questions the position of lesbians and women in society
ecofeminism
much more spiritual than political or theoretical in nature. Its basic tenet is that a patriarchal society will exploit its resources without regard to long term consequences as a direct result of the attitudes fostered in a patriarchal/hierarchical society.
Parallels are often drawn between society’s treatment of the environment, animals, or resources and its treatment of women.
In resisting patriarchal culture, eco-feminists feel that they are also resisting plundering and destroying the Earth.
Marxist feminism
insist that the only way to end the oppression of women is to overthrow the capitalist system. Focused on investigating and explaining the ways in which women are oppressed through systems of capitalism and private property.
socialist feminism
analyzed the connection between the oppression of women andother oppression in society, such as racism and economic injustice.
global feminism
concerns itself primarily with the forward movement of women’s rights on a global scale
Using different historical lenses from the legacy of colonialism, Global Feminists adopt global causes and start movements which seek to dismantle what they argue are the currently predominant structures of global patriarchy.
transnational feminism
Feminism is not just a U.S. movement
Transnational feminism is “the movement for the social, political, and economic equality of women across boundaries”
generally attentive to intersections among nationhood, race,gender, sexuality and economic exploitation on a world scale, in the context of emergent global capitalism.
Transnational feminists inquire into the social, political and economic conditions comprising imperialism; their connections to colonialism and nationalism; the role of gender, the state, race, class, and sexuality in the organization of resistance to hegemonies in the making and unmaking of nation and nation-state.
third wave
several diverse strains of feminist activity and study, whose exact boundaries in the history of feminism are a subject of debate, but are generally marked as beginning in the early 1990s and continuing to the present.
queer theory
a set of ideas based around the idea that identities are not fixed and do not determine who we are.
feminist backlash
b
postfeminism
The term was used in the 1980s to describe a backlash against second-wave feminism.
postmodernism
A late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism.
Includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism.
myths associated with feminism
b
debunking the myths and stereotypes associated with feminism
b
mythical norm
b
normalization
b
hierarchy
b
stratification
b
target group
b
non-target group
b
privilege
Privilege is defined as “advantages people have by virtue of their status or position in society”.
2 types of privilege: Earned vs White/Male Privilege.
entitlement
B
ranking
b
systems of inequality and privilege
Privilege is defined as “advantages people have by virtue of their status or position in society”.
2 types of privilege: Earned vs White/Male Privilege.
Systems of oppression discriminate and privilege based on perceived or real differences and facilitate privilege and inequality.
