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Chemistry 4th Q > 2020 Mod 16 > Flashcards

2020 Mod 16 Flashcards

1
Q

Define oxidation numbers

A

An Oxidation number is the charge that an atom in a molecule would develop if the most electronegative atom in the molecule took the shared electrons from the less electronegative Adam’s

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2
Q

An atom has an oxidation number of -3 in one molecule, but it has an oxidation number of +3 in a second molecule. What can we say about the electro negativity of the one other Adams that make up the two different molecules

A

In the first mark the cure the electron negativity of the other Adams is lower
And in the second the electronegativity is greater

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3
Q

What must the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a molecule add up to?

A

They must add up to the charge of that particular molecule

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4
Q

Define oxidation

A

Oxidation is the process by which an atom loses electrons

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5
Q

Define reduction

A

Reduction is the process by which an atom gains an electron

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6
Q

When you gain electrons are the electrons gained negative or positive

A

Negative

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7
Q

Would there ever be a case in which oxidation could occur without reduction

A

No

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8
Q

Is the anode of a battery positive or negative

A

Negative

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9
Q

Is the cathode of the battery positive or negative

A

Positive

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10
Q

We are figuring out oxidation numbers what rules do you only as a last resort? Why is it only a last resort

A

Rule number seven is our last resort. If all else fails assume that the Adams oxidation number is the same as what it would take on in an ionic compound. The atoms that are most likely to follow this rule are in groups 3A, 6A, and 7A

It is the last resort because there are so many exceptions to this rule

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11
Q

What are the three reactants needed for a lead acid battery?

A

PbO2

Pb

H2SO4

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12
Q

Why are some batteries rechargeable and others not?

A

It depends on whether or not the original construction of the inside of a battery can be rearranged or not

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13
Q

Name two differences between an alkaline dry cell and a lead-acid battery

A

But acid batteries have an equal with liquid inside of it and they can recharge

The alkaline dry cell battery has neither

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14
Q

Define oxidation numbers

A

The charge that an Adam in a Molecule would Develop if the most electronegative atom in the molecule took the shared election from the least electronegative atom’s

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15
Q

The sum of all oxidation numbers anymore so must equal what

A

They must equal the charge of that specific molecule

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16
Q

What is the first rule of oxidation numbers

A

When a substance has only one type of Adam in it, The oxidation number for that Adam is equal to the charge of the substance divided by the number of atoms present.

(F2, O3, Ca^2+, or Mg for example)

17
Q

What is the second rule for determining oxidation numbers

A

Group 1A metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr) Always have oxidation numbers +1 in molecules that contain more than one type of Adam

18
Q

What is rule number three when determining oxidation numbers

A

Group 2A metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra) Always have oxidation numbers of +2 in molecules that contain more than one type of Adam

19
Q

What is rule number four when determining oxidation numbers

A

Fluorine always has a -1 oxidation number in Molecules that contain more than one type of Adam

20
Q

What is Rule number five For when we are determining oxidation numbers

A

When Grouped with just one other atom that happens to be a metal H has an oxidation number of -1. In all other cases in which it is grouped with other atoms, H has an oxidation number of +1

21
Q

What is rule number six for when we are determining oxidation numbers

A

Oxygen has an oxidation number of -2 in molecules that contain more than one type of atom

22
Q

What is the fuzzy rule number seven for when we are determining oxidation numbers

A

If all else fails, I assume that the Adams oxidation number is the same as what it would take on an ionic compound. The items that are most likely to follow this rule are in groups 3A, 6A, and 7A

23
Q

Define oxidation

A

The process by which an atom loses electrons

24
Q

Define reduction

A

The process by which an atom gains electrons

25
Q

What happens when a redox reaction occurs

A

When a redox reaction occurs, there will always be at least one Adam that is oxidized and at least one Adam that is reduced

26
Q

In a lead acid battery which substance is the aqueous acid

A

The H2SO4

27
Q

In a lead acid battery which of the substances is connected to the cathode

A

The PbO2

28
Q

In a lead acid battery which of the substances is connected to the anode

A

The Pb (lead)

Chemistry 4th Q (4 decks)

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