2.1 Study Guide

Question 1

Position
Mass
Charge
Function
of a proton

Answer 1

Position: in the nucleus
Mass: heavy
Charge: +1
Function: determines the element

Question 2

Position
Mass
Charge
Function
of a neutron

Answer 2

Position: in the nucleus
Mass: heavy
Charge: 0
Function: holds the nucleus together

Question 3

Position
Mass
Charge
Function
of a electron

Answer 3

Position: outside the nucleus
Mass: virtually zero
Charge: -1
Function: responsible for reactivity

Question 4

Definition of Isotope

Answer 4

same element/atom with different number of neutrons therefore making the mass different

Question 5

what is the atomic mass, number, and net charge of an element with 7 protons, 7 neutrons, and 10 electrons

Answer 5

atomic mass: 14
atomic number: 7
net charge: -3
element: nitrogen

Question 6

what is the atomic mass, number, and net charge of an element with 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 10 electrons

Answer 6

atomic mass: 16
atomic number: 8
net charge: -2
element: oxygen

Question 7

what is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of a nitrogen element with a net charge of -3, an atomic number of 7 and an atomic mass of 14.

Answer 7

Protons: 7
Neutrons: 7
Electrons: 10

Question 8

why are isotopes useful in scientific research

Answer 8

they can be used as tracers because they react in the same way during chemical reactions (same number of valence electrons) but can be detected from the most common isotope.

Question 9

what is a valence electron

Answer 9

electron in/on the outermost electron level

Question 10

what is the importance of a valence electron

Answer 10

used for chemical reactions-sharing/trading

Question 11

how do you determine the number of valence electrons

Answer 11

based on the elements level on the periodic table