2.1 - The Events and importance of the long march 1934-35 Flashcards
what were the causes of the Communist Long March
Chiang launched the white terror, communist hid in the Jingang mountains. There they organised the Jiangxi Soviet. Mao developed his version of communism that relied on the peasants as the force of the revolution. Mao concentrated on winning the supports of the peasants. put him in good position in struggle for the leadership of the party
Although establishment of the Jiangxi was successful constant attacks by GMD threatened it. Chiang advised by his German military advisers to surround the reds push them into a smaller and smaller area so they lost all access to resources. GMD then use aerial bombing to attack the enclosed communist force. By October 1934 clear that Chiang’s approach meant communist would not survive if they remained in the Jiangxi soviet. Therefore night of 16 October 80-100,000 communist broke out of the Jiangxi Soviet and began to march north to find saftey this became known as long march
Explain the events of the long march
When communist began their march no idea were the destination would be. followed all the way by the GMD army and fought battle after battle before escaping the GMD and found saftey in Yanan. At first communist were led by Comintern advisers Otto Braun. He encouraged the Red Army to fight with the GMD forces in urban areas this lead to heavy loses
After meeting at Zunyi in January 195, Mao Zedong and Zhu Dr a former warlord who had become a communist took control of communist party. Developed a new tactic which led red army in a series of surprising direction they divided forces and regrouping in order to escape from the G,D. Route North took across mountains rivers and deserts. Only 10,000 of the original 80,000 marchers had survived
Explain the importance of the Long March
Long march was turned into brave myth of survival by CCP. in reality began as act of desperation. As communist were forced out of their southern base by GMD. By the end only very small number of marches survived the march. GMD calls it thegreat retreat. OF 80,000 marches who set out from Jiangxi only 10,000 ade it to Yunan not even sure they were safe. Chiang Kai - shek’s government were recognised by the west ad soviet union looked as if nationalist control of China was secure
Still positive outcomes. Long MARCH PROVIDED EXCELLENT PROPOGANDA AND CREATED MARTYRS FOR THE COMMUNIST CAUSE. PROMOTED THE IDEA OF Comradeship and self sacrifice. Key features of Chinese communism . It encouraged support for the red army from the peasants who had been treated well by the soiler. Established Mao as the leader of CCP
