2.1.4 (development changes as transition)

Question 1

Growth (physical change)

Answer 1

Girls - gain 16cm + 16kg.
Boys = 20cm + 20kg.
- No more growth is possible by the end of youth.

Question 2

Changes to body systems (physical change)

Answer 2

Primary + secondary sex characteristics.

Question 3

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 3

Parts of the body that a directly involved in reproduction + only start to develop during puberty although they are present from birth (eg. first ovulation + menstruation, testes grow + start producing sperm).

Question 4

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 4

Changes that occur to both males + females but are not directly related to reproduction and are not present at birth (eg. body hair develops, hips widen, shoulders broaden, voice lowers).

Question 5

Motor skills development (physical change)

Answer 5

By end of puberty, the arms + legs are proportionate to the rest of the body and coordination greatly improves.

Question 6

Behaviour (social change)

Answer 6

Peer group, culture, and family influences behaviour as well as wanting independence.

Question 7

Social roles + expectations (social change)

Answer 7

Greater independence and experiences contribute to more complex social roles such as employee, intimate relationships, etc.

Question 8

Communication skills (social change)

Answer 8

Types of interactions change as youth are given more freedom + treated more like adults.

Question 9

Relationship skills (social change)

Answer 9

Conflict with parents as youth develop their own perspectives or could enter adulthood with a deeper understanding of their parents, experiencing first intimate relationships and things that come with it.

Question 10

Self-concept (emotional change)

Answer 10

Deeper understanding of who they are as people after gaining own values + beliefs.

Question 11

Experiencing the full range of emotions (emotional change)

Answer 11

Youth might seek emotional independence which can widen range of emotions that they experience.

Question 12

Learning appropriate ways of expressing emotions (emotional change)

Answer 12

Understanding of this and how to express feelings in words.

Question 13

Building resilience (emotional change)

Answer 13

Greater resilience and coping strategies are built upon.

Question 14

Knowledge + memory (intellectual change)

Answer 14

Development of knowledge as youth focus on the future and increased capacity to remember thoughts + concepts as the brain continues to develop during youth.

Question 15

Language (intellectual change)

Answer 15

Transition to adulthood is associated with an increase in skills relating to vocabulary, grammar, and the use of language.

Question 16

Thought patterns + problem-solving (intellectual change)

Answer 16

Abstract thought develops and information can be processed more efficiently.

Question 17

Creativity + imagination (intellectual change)

Answer 17

Development of new ideas + innovations in their areas of interest.

Question 18

Attention (intellectual change)

Answer 18

Increase attention in activities/things they and vice versa.