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2.3 Acid-base and Redox Reactions > 2.3.1 Acids > Flashcards

2.3.1 Acids Flashcards

1
Q

how do strong acids dissociate in solution?

A

fully dissociate

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2
Q

example of a strong acid dissociating in water eg HCl

A

HCl (aq) → H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
In this case hydrogen ions are released, H+ (aq)

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3
Q

how do strong bases dissociate in solution?

A

fully dissociate

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4
Q

example of strong base dissociating in water eg NaOH

A

NaOH (aq) → Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)
In this case hydroxide ions are released, OH- (aq)

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5
Q

what does dissociating fully mean?

A

100% of products will be ions

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6
Q

how will a weak acid dissociate in solution?

A

partially

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7
Q

what does partially dissociate mean?

A

only some of the products will be ions

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8
Q

what rate are the products in an equilibrium reaction formed?

A

at the same rate as the reactants are used

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9
Q

why are both reactants and products present in the solution in an equilibrium reaction?

A

because the products are formed at the same rate the reactants are used

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10
Q

how will a weak base dissociate in a solution?

A

partially like a weak acid

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11
Q

what is a neutralisation reaction?

A

one in which an acid (pH <7) and a base/alkali (pH >7) react together to form water (pH = 7) and a salt

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12
Q

what happens in a neutralisation?

A

BAWS
-the proton of the acid reacts with the hydroxide of the base to form water
-the spectator ions which are not involved in the formation of water, form the salt

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13
Q

what is acronym for neutralisation reaction?

A

BAWS

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14
Q

what does BAWS stand for?

A

base + acid → water and salt

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15
Q

how can the name of the salt produced in a neutralisation reaction be predicted?

A

from the acid that has reacted

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16
Q

predict the name of the salt produced in a neutralisation reaction with hydrochloric acid

A

a chloride

17
Q

predict the name of the salt produced in a neutralisation reaction with nitric acid

A

nitrate

18
Q

predict the name of the salt produced in a neutralisation reaction with sulphuric acid

A

sulfate

19
Q

what are the products when you react a metal and acid?

A

salt and hydrogen

20
Q

what is the acronym for a metal + acid reaction?

A

MASH

21
Q

what does MASH stand for?

A

metal acid salt hydrogen

22
Q

what does the extent of reaction in a MASH reaction depend on?

A

on the reactivity of the metal and the strength of the acid

23
Q

do weaker or stronger acids react more vigorously with metals?

A

stronger

24
Q

what is the equation for the reaction between metal oxide and acid?

A

metal oxide + acid → water + salt

25
Q

what is the equation for the reaction between a metal hydroxide and acid?

A

metal hydroxide + acid → water and salt

26
Q

what is the equation between a metal carbonate and acid?

A

metal carbonate + acid → salt + carbon dioxide + water

27
Q

what is sulphuric acid formula?

A

H₂SO₄

28
Q

what is the hydrochloric acid formula?

A

HCl

29
Q

what is the nitric acid formula?

A

HNO₃

30
Q

what is phosphoric acid formula?

A

H3PO4

31
Q

what is ethanoic acid?

A

CH₃COOH

32
Q

what is carbonate formula?

A

CO3^2-

2.3 Acid-base and Redox Reactions (3 decks)

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