List-18 Flashcards
1
Q
rowdy
A
- *adj. 吵闹的；粗暴的
n. 粗暴的人；好吵闹的人
n. (Rowdy)人名；(英)罗迪 - ——————————————**
- a cruel and brutal fellow
- disturbing the public peace; loud and rough
2
Q
rubbery
A
- *adj. 橡胶似的；有弹力的；坚韧的
- ——————————————**
- having an elastic texture resembling rubber in flexibility or toughness
- difficult to chew
3
Q
rudimentary
A
- *adj. 基本的；初步的；退化的；残遗的；未发展的
- ——————————————**
- being or involving basic facts or principles
- being in the earliest stages of development
- not fully developed in mature animals
4
Q
rueful
A
- *adj. 可怜的；悲伤的；悔恨的
- ——————————————**
- feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for sins or offenses
5
Q
rugged
A
- *adj. 崎岖的；坚固的；高低不平的；粗糙的
- ——————————————**
- sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring
- topographically very uneven
- rocky and steep
- very difficult; severely testing stamina or resolution
6
Q
ruin
A
- *n. 废墟；毁坏；灭亡
vt. 毁灭；使破产
vi. 破产；堕落；被毁灭
n. (Ruin)人名；(德、意、芬)鲁因；(法)吕安 - ——————————————**
- an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction
- a ruined building
- the process of becoming dilapidated
- an event that results in destruction
- failure that results in a loss of position or reputation
7
Q
ruminant
A
- *adj. 反刍的；沉思的
n. 反刍动物 - ——————————————**
- any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments
- related to or characteristic of animals of the suborder Ruminantia or any other animal that chews a cud
8
Q
rush
A
- *n. 冲进；匆促；急流；灯心草
adj. 急需的
vt. 使冲；突袭；匆忙地做；飞跃
vi. 冲；奔；闯；赶紧；涌现
n. (Rush)人名；(英)拉什 - ——————————————**
- the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner
- a sudden forceful flow
- grasslike plants growing in wet places and having cylindrical often hollow stems
- physician and American Revolutionary leader; signer of the Declaration of Independence (1745-1813)
- the swift release of a store of affective force
9
Q
rustic
A
- *adj. 乡村的；纯朴的；粗野的；手工粗糙的
n. 乡下人；乡巴佬 - ——————————————**
- an unsophisticated country person
- characteristic of rural life
- awkwardly simple and provincial
- used of idealized country life
- characteristic of the fields or country
10
Q
ruthless
A
- *adj. 无情的，残忍的
- ——————————————**
- without mercy or pity
11
Q
sabotage
A
- *vt. 妨害；对…采取破坏行动
vi. 从事破坏活动
n. 破坏；破坏活动；怠工 - ——————————————**
- a deliberate act of destruction or disruption in which equipment is damaged
- destroy property or hinder normal operations
12
Q
sacred
A
- *adj. 神的；神圣的；宗教的；庄严的
- ——————————————**
- concerned with religion or religious purposes
- worthy of respect or dedication
- made or declared or believed to be holy; devoted to a deity or some religious ceremony or use
- worthy of religious veneration
- (often followed by `to’) devoted exclusively to a single use or purpose or person
13
Q
sagacious
A
- *adj. 睿智的，聪慧的；有远见的，聪慧的
- ——————————————**
- acutely insightful and wise
- skillful in statecraft or management
14
Q
sage
A
- *n. 圣人；贤人；哲人
adj. 明智的；贤明的；审慎的
n. (Sage)人名；(日)三下(姓)；(英)塞奇；(意)萨杰；(德)扎格；(法)萨热 - ——————————————**
- a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom
- aromatic fresh or dried grey-green leaves used widely as seasoning for meats and fowl and game etc
- any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb
- having wisdom that comes with age and experience
- of the grey-green color of sage leaves
15
Q
salient
A
- *adj. 显著的；突出的；跳跃的
n. 凸角；突出部分
n. (Salient)人名；(西)萨连特 - ——————————————**
- (military) the part of the line of battle that projects closest to the enemy
- having a quality that thrusts itself into attention
- (of angles) pointing outward at an angle of less than 180 degrees
- represented as leaping (rampant but leaning forward)
16
Q
saline
A
- *adj. 盐的；含盐分的
n. 盐湖；碱盐泻药 - ——————————————**
- an isotonic solution of sodium chloride and distilled water
- containing salt
17
Q
salubrious
A
- *adj. 清爽的；气候有益健康的
- ——————————————**
- promoting health; healthful
- favorable to health of mind or body
18
Q
salutary
A
- *adj. 有益的，有用的；有益健康的
- ——————————————**
- tending to promote physical well-being; beneficial to health
19
Q
salvage
A
- *n. 打捞；海上救助；抢救财货；救难的奖金
vt. 抢救；海上救助
n. (Salvage)人名；(法)萨尔瓦热 - ——————————————**
- property or goods saved from damage or destruction
- the act of saving goods or property that were in danger of damage or destruction
- the act of rescuing a ship or its crew or its cargo from a shipwreck or a fire
- save from ruin, destruction, or harm
- collect discarded or refused material
20
Q
salvation
A
- *n. 拯救；救助
n. (Salvation)人名；(瑞典)萨尔瓦蒂翁 - ——————————————**
- (Christianity) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil
- a means of preserving from harm or unpleasantness
- the state of being saved or preserved from harm
- saving someone or something from harm of from an unpleasant situation
21
Q
sanctimonious
A
- *adj. 假装虔诚的；假装圣洁的；假装诚实的
- ——————————————**
- excessively or hypocritically pious
22
Q
sanctuary
A
- *n. 避难所；至圣所；耶路撒冷的神殿
- ——————————————**
- a consecrated place where sacred objects are kept
- a shelter from danger or hardship
- area around the altar of a church for the clergy and choir; often enclosed by a lattice or railing
23
Q
sanctum
A
- *n. 圣所；密室；私室
- ——————————————**
- a place of inviolable privacy
- a sacred place of pilgrimage
24
Q
sane
A
- *adj. 健全的；理智的；[临床] 神志正常的
n. (Sane)人名；(日)实(姓)；(日)实(名)；(芬、塞、冈、几比、塞内)萨内 - ——————————————**
- mentally healthy; free from mental disorder
- marked by sound judgment
25
Q
sanguine
A
- *adj. 乐观的；满怀希望的；面色红润的
vt. 血染；以血沾污
n. 血红色 - ——————————————**
- a blood-red color
- confidently optimistic and cheerful
- inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life
26
Q
sanitary
A
- *adj. 卫生的，清洁的
n. 公共厕所 - ——————————————**
- free from filth and pathogens
27
Q
sap
A
- *n. [植] 树液；精力，元气；活力；坑道
vt. 使衰竭，使伤元气；挖掘以破坏基础
vi. 挖坑道
n. (Sap)人名；(柬)萨；(越)插 - ——————————————**
- a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant
- a person who lacks good judgment
- a piece of metal covered by leather with a flexible handle; used for hitting people
- deplete
- excavate the earth beneath
28
Q
sarcastic
A
- *adj. 挖苦的；尖刻的，辛辣的
- ——————————————**
- expressing or expressive of ridicule that wounds
29
Q
satiated
A
- *adj. 对…厌倦的；充分满足的；生腻的
- ——————————————**
- supplied (especially fed) to satisfaction
30
Q
satirize
A
- *vt. 讽刺；挖苦
vi. 写讽刺作品 - ——————————————**
- ridicule with satire
31
Q
saturate
A
- *vt. 浸透，使湿透；使饱和，使充满
adj. 浸透的，饱和的；深颜色的 - ——————————————**
- cause (a chemical compound, vapour, solution, magnetic material) to unite with the greatest possible amount of another substance
- infuse or fill completely
32
Q
saturnine
A
- *adj. 忧郁的；阴沉的；铅中毒的；沉默寡言的
- ——————————————**
- bitter or scornful
- showing a brooding ill humor
33
Q
scale
A
- *n. 规模；比例；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围
vi. 衡量；攀登；剥落；生水垢
vt. 测量；攀登；刮鳞；依比例决定
n. (Scale)人名；(意)斯卡莱 - ——————————————**
- an ordered reference standard
- relative magnitude
- the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it
- an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks
- a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin
34
Q
scant
A
- *adj. 不足的；缺乏的；勉强够的
vt. 减少；节省；限制 - ——————————————**
- work hastily or carelessly; deal with inadequately and superficially
- limit in quality or quantity
- supply sparingly and with restricted quantities
- less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so
35
Q
scarcity
A
- *n. 不足；缺乏
- ——————————————**
- a small and inadequate amount
36
Q
scarlet
A
- *adj. 深红的；鲜红色的；罪孽深重的；淫荡的
n. 猩红色；红衣；绯红色；鲜红色布
n. (Scarlet)人名；(英)斯卡利特；(罗)斯卡尔莱特 - ——————————————**
- a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge
- of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies
37
Q
scavenge
A
- *vt. 打扫；排除废气；以…为食
vi. 清除污物；打扫 - ——————————————**
- clean refuse from
- collect discarded or refused material
- feed on carrion or refuse
- remove unwanted substances from
38
Q
scenic
A
- *adj. 风景优美的；舞台的；戏剧的
n. 风景胜地；风景照片 - ——————————————**
- used of locations; having beautiful natural scenery
- of or relating to the stage or stage scenery
39
Q
schematic
A
- *adj. 图解的；概要的
n. 原理图；图解视图 - ——————————————**
- diagram of an electrical or mechanical system
- represented in simplified or symbolic form
40
Q
scheme
A
- *n. 计划；组合；体制；诡计
vi. 搞阴谋；拟订计划
vt. 计划；策划
n. (Scheme)人名；(瑞典)谢默 - ——————————————**
- an elaborate and systematic plan of action
- a statement that evades the question by cleverness or trickery
- a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole
- an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world
- a schematic or preliminary plan
41
Q
schism
A
- *n. 分裂；分裂教会罪
- ——————————————**
- division of a group into opposing factions
- the formal separation of a church into two churches or the withdrawal of one group over doctrinal differences
42
Q
scorn
A
- *n. 轻蔑；嘲笑；藐视的对象
vt. 轻蔑；藐视；不屑做
vi. 表示轻蔑；表示鄙视 - ——————————————**
- lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
- open disrespect for a person or thing
- look down on with disdain
- reject with contempt
43
Q
scour
A
- *vi. 冲刷；擦；腹泻
vt. 擦亮，洗涤；冲洗，清除
n. 擦，冲刷；洗涤剂；（畜类等的）腹泻 - ——————————————**
- a place that is scoured (especially by running water)
- examine minutely
- clean with hard rubbing
- rub hard or scrub
- rinse, clean, or empty with a liquid
44
Q
scourge
A
- *vt. 鞭打；蹂躏；严斥；痛斥
n. 鞭；灾祸；鞭子；苦难的根源 - ——————————————**
- a whip used to inflict punishment (often used for pedantic humor)
- something causes misery or death
- a person who inspires fear or dread
- punish severely; excoriate
- whip
45
Q
scramble
A
- *vt. 攀登；使混杂，仓促凑成；扰乱
n. 抢夺，争夺；混乱，混乱的一团；爬行，攀登
vi. 爬行，攀登；不规则地生长；仓促行动 - ——————————————**
- an unceremonious and disorganized struggle
- rushing about hastily in an undignified way
- to move hurriedly
- climb awkwardly, as if by scrambling
- bring into random order
46
Q
scrappy
A
- *adj. 爱打架的；杂凑的；不连贯的；生气勃勃的
- ——————————————**
- full of fighting spirit
47
Q
scruple
A
- *n. 微量；顾虑；踌躇
vi. 有顾忌；踌躇
vt. 对…有顾虑 - ——————————————**
- a unit of apothecary weight equal to 20 grains
- uneasiness about the fitness of an action
- an ethical or moral principle that inhibits action
- hesitate on moral grounds
- raise scruples
48
Q
scrupulous
A
- *adj. 细心的；小心谨慎的；一丝不苟的
- ——————————————**
- having scruples; arising from a sense of right and wrong; principled
- characterized by extreme care and great effort
49
Q
scrutinize
A
- *vi. 细阅；作详细检查
vt. 详细检查；细看
n. 仔细或彻底检查 - ——————————————**
- to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail
- examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification
50
Q
sculpt
A
- *vt. 造型；雕刻
vi. 造型；雕刻
n. 雕刻品
n. (Sculpt)人名；(英)斯卡尔普特 - ——————————————**
- create by shaping stone or wood or any other hard material
- shape (a material like stone or wood) by whittling away at it
51
Q
sculptural
A
- *adj. 雕刻的；雕刻般的
- ——————————————**
- relating to or consisting of sculpture
- resembling sculpture
52
Q
seclude
A
- *vt. 使隔离，使隔绝
- ——————————————**
- keep away from others
53
Q
seclusion
A
- *n. 隔离；隐退；隐蔽的地方
- ——————————————**
- the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others
- the act of secluding yourself from others
54
Q
sectarianism
A
- *n. 宗派主义；教派意识
- ——————————————**
- a narrow-minded adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination
55
Q
secular
A
- *adj. 世俗的；长期的；现世的；不朽的
n. 修道院外的教士，(对宗教家而言的) 俗人 - ——————————————**
- someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person
- concerning those not members of the clergy
56
Q
security
A
- *n. 安全；保证；证券；抵押品
adj. 安全的；保安的；保密的 - ——————————————**
- the state of being free from danger or injury
- a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends
- a department responsible for the security of the institution’s property and workers
- measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.
- defense against financial failure; financial independence
57
Q
sedate
A
- *adj. 安静的；沉着的
vt. 给…服镇静剂 - ——————————————**
- cause to be calm or quiet as by administering a sedative to
- characterized by dignity and propriety
- dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises
58
Q
sedative
A
- *n. [药] 镇静剂；能使安静的东西；止痛药
adj. 使镇静的；使安静的 - ——————————————**
- a drug that reduces excitability and calms a person
- tending to soothe or tranquilize
59
Q
sedentary
A
- *adj. 久坐的；坐惯的；定栖的；静坐的
- ——————————————**
- requiring sitting or little activity
