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AP EURO > 26-27 > Flashcards

26-27 Flashcards

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1
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Peace Treaty that ended WW1, included the limitations and reparations attached onto Germany.

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2
Q

Weimar Republic

A

The Government that existed in-between the end of WW1 and the rise of the Nazis.

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3
Q

Gustav Stresemann

A

was key figure in Weimar Republic, managed diplomatic relations

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4
Q

Aristides Briand

A

key figure in the league of nations representing France, and co-authored the Treaty of Locarno with Gustav stresemann

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5
Q

Dawes Plan

A

made to help Germany pay off its reperations, was important in stabilizing the European post-war economy.

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6
Q

Treaty of Locarno

A

series of agreement to improve diplomatic relations, especially helped the relationship between France and Germany, mostly authored by Stresemann and Briand

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7
Q

Kellogg-Briand Pact

A

made by Kellog from the US and Briand from France, its goal was to renounce war as a means to solve conflict. Did not ultimately succeed but it laid groundwork for future stuff anti-war, showed that war was bad, and was symbolic.

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8
Q

John Maynard Keynes

A

British Economist known for his macroeconomic theories, wanted government to be active and said that demand drove economy, not supply.

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9
Q

March on Rome

A

Marked the rise of Mussolini to power in Italy, where he marched on the capitol, was appointed prime minister and slowly gained power from there.

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10
Q

Lateran Accords

A

settled long lasting disputes between Italy and the Catholic Church

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11
Q

Beer Hall putsch

A

Hitler’s failed attempt at a coup that did not work but made him more known to others, he was arrested but released several months afterward.

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12
Q

Enabling Act

A

following Hitler blaming the Reichstag fire on the communists, the enabling act gave power to the communist party.

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13
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

Anti-semetic laws that started their discrimination, oppression, and segregation.

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14
Q

Kristallnacht

A

triggered by assasination of German diplomat that nazis used as excuse to be violent against Jews, where many Jews were arrested and beaten by mobs of Nazis.

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15
Q

Hitler Youth

A

used to brainwash kids into Nazi ideology being right and Hitler being very good.

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16
Q

SS

A

SS was responsible for concentration camps, propaganda, law enforcement, etc.

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17
Q

SA (Storm Troops)

A

used to suppress political opposition, was purged during “night of long knives”

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18
Q

Collectivization

A

organizing individual farms into collective farms, usually under state control.

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19
Q

KGB

A

intelligence agency and security agency, was established in 1954

20
Q

Jazz Age

A

period of US history during 1900s when Jazz music was popularized, included the prohibition, nationwide ban on alcoholic beverages, ended with the start of the great depression.

21
Q

Dadaism

A

artistic movement in response to dissillusionment, and portrayed nonsensical and absurd stuff.

22
Q

Surrealism

A

deeply influenced by dadaism and cubism, wanted to explore the irrational aspects of human experience.

23
Q

Salvador Dali

A

was an eccentric surrealism artist, guy with the nice mustache.

24
Q

Bauhaus

A

an art school in Germany, which focused on functional art and less is more.

25
Q

James Joyce

A

Irish modernist novelist, wrote Ulysses

26
Q

Virginia WOlfe

A

wrote modernist literature, and was part of the feminist movement.

27
Q

Herman Hesse

A

a writer within the existentialism and Individualism movements, wrote Siddartha.

28
Q

Carl Jung

A

A psychologist influenced by Sigmund Freud

29
Q

Ernest Rutherford

A

A phycisist known as “the father of nuclear physics”, he discovered the atomic nucleus and contributed to the understanding of radioactivity.

30
Q

Werner Heisenberg

A

German phycisist, formulated the uncertainty principle for quantum mechanics, was a leading Nazi physicist.

31
Q

Appeasement

A

involved giving land to Germany to appease them to avoid another war.

32
Q

Anschluss

A

the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany, marked the beginning of Hitler ignoring laws and gaining power.

33
Q

Neville Chamberlain

A

Prime Minister of Britain during the early stages and right before the war, made the appeasement policy which was controversial.

34
Q

Sudetenland

A

was appeased to Germany in the Munich agreement without the intervention of Czechoslovakia, and is used as an example for the failure of Appeasement

35
Q

Munich Conference

A

involved Hitler, Chamberlain, Daladier of France, Mussolini of Italy, the country whose land was taken in the annexation was not invited, and it resulted in the signing of the Munich-agreement.

36
Q

Soviet-Nazi Non-Aggression Pact

A

also known as the Molotov Ribbentrop pact, was non-aggression Pact between Soviet Union and Germany.

37
Q

Henri Petain

A

French General known for leadership in the battle of Verdun, and was later appointed prime minister of Vichy France.

38
Q

Vichy France

A

Authoritarian regime which collaborated with Nazis.

39
Q

Winston Churchill

A

Prime minister of Britain for a lot of WW2, coordinated war effort and opposed appeasement, allied with the Soviet union.

40
Q

Battle of Britain

A

was a battle fought in the air between RAF (Britain air force) and Luftwaffe (German Air force), Germany winning changed the course of the war and made sure Germany did not get aerial superiority.

41
Q

Invasion of Normandy

A

D-day, marked the beginning of winning the war, as the allied forces landed on the beaches of Normandy under heavy fire and fought and won.

42
Q

Battle of the Bulge

A

also known as the Aredennes counteroffensive, one of the last German offensives, last effort, did not work.

43
Q

Charles deGaule

A

played significant role in the liberation of France, helped establish the fourth french Republic and served as its first president.

44
Q

Final solution

A

Nazi’s plan to exterminate all Jews over the course of WW2, resulted in death of about 6 million Jews.

45
Q

incendiary bombs

A

meant to catch things on fire and resulted in much homelessness and loss of civilian life.

46
Q

Franklin D.Roosevelt

A

was president during depths of Great Depression, his New Deal was set of reforms to alleviate economic pressure, helped shape strategy during WW2.

47
Q

Harry Truman

A

Came after Franklin D.Roosevelt, was president in final months of WW2, decided on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and helped recovery after the war.

AP EURO (9 decks)

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