26 OCT - 17 NOV Flashcards
V1 begins at the origin of the vertebral artery and extends to the transverse foramen of ___
V2 extends from the transverse foramen of ___ to the transverse foramen of ___
V3 extends from the transverse foramen ___ and extends to ___
V4 extends from ___ to ___
- V1: C6
- V2: C6 to C2
- V3: C2 to the dura
- V4: the dura to the confluence of the basilar artery
The gold standard diagnostic test for pancreas divisum is
MRCP
recommended abx for blind loop syndrome
rifaximin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium (Augmentin)
____________________ is the standard treatment for MCNs
Pancreatic resection
_______________________ is the procedure of choice in a select group of patients with fecal incontinence with a confirmed sphincter defect
Overlapping sphincteroplasty
typhlitis (neutropenic enterocolitis) typically resolves with:
bowel rest, antibiotics, and supportive care
A central compartment lymph node dissection for parathyroid cancer is only indicated if:
there is gross evidence of lymph node involvement
how does acidosis affect calcium levels?
Calcium is released from albumin in the setting of acidosis, resulting in an increase in the ionized calcium level (effect is minimal)
An adrenal mass with HU of < ___ on noncontrast CT is 100% specific for a benign tumor
10
For adrenal tumors with a higher HU contrast washout of < ___% after 10 minutes is suspicious for malignancy
50%
High-risk breast cancer screening involves:
annual mammography and MRI performed at six-month intervals in women with a lifetime risk of breast cancer >20-25%
Which veins have this classic ultrasound depiction between two fascial layers?
Both the great and small saphenous veins
Hyperacute rejection is _________-mediated, specifically _______________ antibodies
- antibody
- donor-specific preformed
Acute allograft rejection is primarily mediated by:
T cells
____________ is the treatment of choice for pregnancy-related thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
Plasmapheresis
