Basic UL MSK Exam

Question 1

sprain = ?

Answer 1

ligament injury

Question 2

strain = ?

Answer 2

muscle injury

Question 3

tedonitis/tendinosis = ?

Answer 3

tendon injury

Question 4

strength grading scale?

Answer 4

0-5, 5 is normal. 3 = only against gravity; 2= not against gravity

Question 5

reflex grading scale?

Answer 5

0-4, 4 = clonus, 1 = hypoactive

Question 6

normal capillary refill time?

Answer 6

< 2 seconds = normal

Question 7

pulse intensity grading?

Answer 7

0 = absent, 4 = bounding, 3 = normal

Question 8

abduction?

Answer 8

160. mid-deltoid, supraspinatus

Question 9

adduction?

Answer 9

45. pec major, lats

Question 10

flexion?

Answer 10

160. anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis

Question 11

extension?

Answer 11

45. lats, teres major, posterior deltoid

Question 12

external rotation?

Answer 12

45. infraspinatus, teres minor

Question 13

internal rotation

Answer 13

80. pec major, lats, teres major, subscapularis

Question 14

scapular elevation

Answer 14

traps, levator scauplae

Question 15

scapular retraction

Answer 15

rhomboids

Question 16

scapular protraction

Answer 16

serratus anterior

Question 17

functional = ?

Answer 17

120 abduction

Question 18

painful arc of abduction 80-150?

Answer 18

c/w rotator cuff problems

Question 19

painful arc of abduction > 150

Answer 19

c/w AC pathology

Question 20

rotator cuff muscle tests?

Answer 20

supraspinatus. infraspinatus & teres minor. subscapularis

Question 21

supraspinatus test?

Answer 21

full can test

Question 22

subscapularis test?

Answer 22

liftoff test

Question 23

joint stability test?

Answer 23

apprehension test

Question 24

areas of sensation to test for shoulder probs?

Answer 24

axillary nerve (lateral shoulder), musculocutaneous nerve (lateral forearm)

Question 25

functional elbow ROM?

Answer 25

30-130 extension/flexion; 50 pronation/supination.

Question 26

UCL test?

Answer 26

valgus stress

Question 27

valgus = ?

Answer 27

part of the body distal to the deformed part is deviated away from the body/midline

Question 28

varus = ?

Answer 28

part of the body distal to the deformed part is deviated toward the body/midline

Question 29

tinel's sign?

Answer 29

tapping over median nerve in carpal tunnel

Question 30

phalen's sign?

Answer 30

holding wrists back to back in full flexion

Question 31

AC sprain etiology

Answer 31

fall directly onto shoulder

Question 32

AC sprain presentation

Answer 32

pain with overhead motions, deformity of superior shoulder

Question 33

AC sprain exam:

Answer 33

pain and deformity at AC joint, pain with cross body adduction of arm, painful arc of abduction over 150.

Question 34

AC injury grading? Grades I-IV

Answer 34

grade I: AC lig stretch grade II: AC lig tear, CC lig stretch grade III: AC and CC complete tears grade IV: complete AC and CC tears + clavicular displacement

Question 35

shoulder dislocation etiology

Answer 35

usually anterior. forced extension, abduction, external rotation of arm OR direct blow to post shoulder

Question 36

shoulder dislocation exam?

Answer 36

arm held in slight abduction and external rotation. resistance to abduction and internal rotation. prominent acromion. humeral head anterior to acromion, adjacent to coracoid. positive apprehension test. anterior laxity.

Question 37

initial treatment for acute dislocation

Answer 37

non-operative. immobilize with sling. or surgical for athlete.

Question 38

rotator cuff history?

Answer 38

pain with overhead motions

Question 39

rotator cuff impingement signs? (+)

Answer 39

neer's test (pain when arm is elevated thru forward flexion); empty can test, hawkins test (pain with resisted external rotation w elbow flexed and across body)

Question 40

rotator cuff weakness sign?

Answer 40

weakness to abduction (if complete tear) (drop arm test)

Question 41

painful abduction between what degrees and why?

Answer 41

80-120. below 30 = supraspinatus.

Question 42

adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) etiology

Answer 42

complication of injuries (dislocation, rotator cuff tendinitis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy and fractures

Question 43

medial epicondylitis (golfer's) etiology

Answer 43

overuse of wrist flexors (esp pronator teres and flexor carpi radialis)

Question 44

medial epicondylitis (golfer's) exam

Answer 44

tenderness over medial epicondyle, pain with resisted wrist flexion and forearm pronation

Question 45

lateral epicondylitis (tennis)

Answer 45

overuse from repetitive extension (esp extensor carpi radialis brevis)

Question 46

lateral epicondylitis (tennis) stx?

Answer 46

pain over lateral elbow, radiating into forearm. later weakness.

Question 47

lateral epicondylitis (tennis) signs

Answer 47

tenderness over lateral epicondyle, pain with resisted wrist dorsiflexion & middle finger extension

Question 48

scaphoid fracture etiology, exam?

Answer 48

FOOSH. tenderness in anatomic snuffbox.

Question 49

carpal tunnel syndrome etiology + stx

Answer 49

irritation of median nerve in carpal tunnel. tingling & pain in median nerve distribution, esp at night

Question 50

carpal tunnel syndrome exam findings

Answer 50

tinel's sign, phalen's sign, sensory loss of radial 3.5 fingers, thenar eminence atrophy (late), loss of 2-pt discrimination (late, most sensitive)

Question 51

wrist ganglion etiology, stx

Answer 51

overproduction of fluid by joint of tendon sheath (filled w thick gelatinous material). lump firm & mobile (wrist, hand, foot & ankle). pain (if any) from compression