3: bonding + VSPER theory

Question 1

ionic bonding vs covalent bonding?

Answer 1

= complete transfer of electron from a less EN to a more EN atom
= sharing of e= btw bonded atoms

Question 2

crystal lattices are formed by strong (?), resulting in high (?) in ionic compound and short (?)

Answer 2

electrostatic forces / melting points / atomic radius

Question 3

polar covalent molec vs nonpolar covalent? give an example for each

Answer 3

= unequal sharing of e- density; forms a dipole moment (H-Cl_
= more equal sharing of e- density; no net dipole moment (Cl-Cl)

Question 4

how to find formal charge

Answer 4

N valence - N owened (lone pairs = 1/2 of bonding pairs)

Question 5

3 rules to drawing Lewis structure

Answer 5

1. central atom should be the least ∆EN
2. fulfil full octet, starting from most ∆EN
3. formal charge should be on most ∆EN

Question 6

T OR F:

1. reasonance structures differ only in location of nuclei and e-
2. they are snapshots of the structures tht exist at nay given moments in time

Answer 6

ALL FALSE

correct reasonance structures differ only in the e- position
real structures are averages of reasonance structures; rep as reasonance hybrid

Question 7

for line diagram, H atoms bonded to C while lone pair for others; in double bonds there’s 2 C

Question 8

what does VSPER theory assumes?

Answer 8

1. e- pairs occupy the valence shell of central atom
2. regions of e- density repel e/o to maximize separation
3. lone pairs repel more than bonding paris
4. multiple bonds = 1 region

Question 9

explain the dash-line-wedge symbolism?

Answer 9

line: on plane
dashed: away from you
wedge line: towards you

Question 10

assign electronic arrangement for 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 regions

Answer 10

2- linear
3- trigonal planar
4- tetrahedral
5- trig bypiramidal
6- octahedral