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ANIMAL INF.DISEASES 2-part 3 > 3. CATS: PANLEUKOPENIA (FPV=Feline Panleukopenia Virus) (PARVOVIRUS) > Flashcards

3. CATS: PANLEUKOPENIA (FPV=Feline Panleukopenia Virus) (PARVOVIRUS) Flashcards

KISSARUTTO

1
Q

disease

A

-highly contagious disease of felines

-panleukopenia

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2
Q

caused by

A

parvovirus

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3
Q

characterized by

A

acute gastroenteritis and leukopenia

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4
Q

agent, family

A

-agent: Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV)

> family: Parvoviridae

> single stranded non enveloped DNA virus

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5
Q

closely related to

A

mink enteritis virus and type 2 canine parvoviruses (CPV)

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6
Q

Virus is extremely

A

-stable in environment

-survives less than 1 year

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7
Q

disinfectants

A

-bleach

-formaldehyde

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8
Q

HR

A

-all Felidae

-domestic housecoats, tigers, lions, cheetahs

> also raccoons, ferrets, mink, civet cats

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9
Q

where

A

worldwide distribution

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10
Q

routine vaccination has

A

profoundly decreased incidence rates

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11
Q

affects cats of

A

-ALL ages

> primarily kittens less 1 year old

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12
Q

most infections are

A

subclinical more than 75%

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13
Q

diagnosed most frequently in dense

A

-feral or shelter populations

-frequent new animals, low vaccination rates

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14
Q

mortality

A

highest in young kittens less 5 month old

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15
Q

transmission: excretion

A

-in all body secretions

-primarily FECES

> can be shed less 6 weeks after recovery

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16
Q

ways of transmission

A

-direct contact

-fomites

-in utero

17
Q

route of transmission

A

-alimentary

-transplacental

18
Q

CS : most infections are

A

subclinical

19
Q

CS: CLASSIC feline enteritis

A

-kittens and susceptible adults

-IP 2-7 days

-acute onset

-sudden death in ‘‘fading kitten syndrome’’

-vomiting, anorexia and / or diarrhea

-extreme lethargy or depression, hiding

-fever or hypothermia in severe cases

20
Q

CS: IN UTERO infection

A

-queens, first trimester

-mummified fetuses

-ataxia and intention tremors noted once kittens start to walk (10-14 days old)

-altered mentation and dullness

-seizures

21
Q

CS: Central Nervous System (CNS) FORM-kittens

A

-kittens infected in utero in 2nd or 3rd trimester or up to 9 days postpartum

> neurologic signs are non-progressive - affected kittens can still make good pets

22
Q

CS: Central Nervous System (CNS) FORM- if mother was infected while pregnant

A

-cerebellar ataxia, hypermetria, intention tremors

-optic nerve hypoplasia, dark foci/folding/streaking of retina

-mental dullness, behavioral abnormalities

23
Q

kittens CANNOT have both neurologic signs and signs of enteritis simultaneously from panleukopenia, because …..

A

neurologic sings occur from In utero infection of dam

24
Q

PM

A

-marked dehydration

-bowel loops dilated and thickened, hyperemic walls

-petechiae/ecchymoses on intestinal serial surfaces

-perinatally infected kittens: noticeable small cerebellum

25
Q

DDX

A

-gastroenteritis:
>foreign body, other bacterial or viral infections > coronavirus, salmonella spp, clostridium spp, > inflammatory bowel disease > neoplasia > toxin ingestion

-leukopenia:
>feline leukemia virus (FeLV)
>salmonellosis

26
Q

diagnosis is typically based on

A

-history

-signalment

-CS

-initial laboratory findings

27
Q

diagnosis: CBC (Complete Blood Count)

A

-mild anemia

-leukopenia-especially neutropenia

-thrombocytopenia

28
Q

diagnosis tests not readily available!

A

-serologic titers, immunofluorescent antibody testing, PCR, virus isolation

-canine parvoviral fecal ELISA test kit can reliably detect FPV antigen from feces
> false-positives within 2 weeks of vaccination

29
Q

Tx

A

-supportive care
> IV fluids, broad-spectrum ABs, antiemetics

-no Tx that will change course of neurologic form

30
Q

prevention

A

-vaccination: modified live vaccines are preferred

> 1st at 8 weeks of age

> 2nd and 3rd at 2 and 4 weeks after first vaccination

> 4th at one year of age

31
Q

control

A

-strict isolation protocol

-disinfection

32
Q

prevention

A

-colostral immunity less than 3 months of age

-immunity towards reinfection

ANIMAL INF.DISEASES 2-part 3 (20 decks)

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