3.1 introduction to organic chemistry

Question 1

State the stem names or the number of carbons between 1-8

Answer 1

1 : meth-
2: eth -m
3: prop -
4: but-
5: pent-
6: hex-
7:hept-
8:octo-

Question 1

What is a mechanism

Answer 1

a chemical mechanism shows movement of electrons during a chemical reaction

Question 1

Write the prefixes if there is more than 1 identical functional group or side chain

Answer 1

for 2 : di-
3 : tri-
4 : tetra -

Question 1

What are structural isomers and what are the different types

Answer 1

Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula
types : chain, positional and functional group

Question 1

What are chain isomers

Answer 1

same molecular formula but different arrangement of carbon skeleton

Question 2

What are positional isomers

Answer 2

same molecular formula but different positions of functional group of carbon skeleton

Question 3

What are functional group isomers

Answer 3

same molecular formula but different functional group

Question 4

Name structure from formula CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3

Answer 4

3,4 - dimethyl hexane

Question 5

Name structure of CH(CH3)2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2

Answer 5

2,3,4,5,6 - pentamethyl heptane

Question 6

Name structure of H3CCH2CH(CH3)CH=CHCH3

Answer 6

4 - methylhex - 2 - ene

Question 7

Name structure of CH2=CHCH=CH2

Answer 7

buta - 1,3 - diene

Question 8

Name structure of CH2CHCH2CH(OH)CH3

Answer 8

pent - 4 - en - 2 - ol

Question 9

Name structure of CH3C(CH3)(CL)CH2C(CH3)(CL)CH2CH3

Answer 9

2,4 - dichloro - 2,4 - dimethyl hexane

Question 10

Name structure of (CH3)2CHCH2Br

Answer 10

1-bromo-2-methyl-propane

Question 10

Definition of a structural isomer

Answer 10

Structural isomers are molecules with same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 11

Name structure of OHCH2CH2C(CL)=C(CH3)CH3

Answer 11

3-chloro-4methylpent-3-en-1-ol

Question 11

How many isomers have molecular formula C5H12

Answer 11

3
- Pentane
- 2-methylbutane
-2,2-dimethylpropane

Question 12

How many structural isomers with an unbranched carbon chain have the molecular formula C4H8Br2

Answer 12

6

Question 13

What is the functional group

Answer 13

Part of a molecule which determines how it reacts

Question 14

What is the homologous series

Answer 14

They have the same functional group but each successive member has additional -CH2

Question 15

Name type of isomerism shown by isomers of C5H12

Answer 15

Chain

Question 16

Define stereoisomers

Answer 16

Stereoisomers have the same structural formula and different arrangement of atoms in space

Question 17

How do E/Z isomers/geometrical isomers exist in alkenes

Answer 17

-when atoms in the c=c double bond are bonded to two different groups
-there is also a lack of rotation around c=c double bond

Question 18

What are hydrocarbons

Answer 18

Molecules containing hydrogen and carbon atoms only

Question 19

What is meant by term unsaturated

Answer 19

a compound which contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms

Question 20

How many E/Z isomers does 3-methylpent-2-ene have

Answer 20

2
E- 3-methylpent-2-ene
z-3-methylpent-2-ene

Question 21

How many E/Z isomers does but-1-ene have

Answer 21

None

Question 22

Nme formula of HOCH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH 3)CH(CH3)2

Answer 22

2,4,5-trimethylhexan-1-ol

Question 23

Name formula of HOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH

Answer 23

heptane-1,7diol

Question 24

Name formula of CH2=C(CH3)CH2CH=CHCH3

Answer 24

2-methylhexa-1,4-diene