3.1.6 ATP

Question 1

give two ways the hydrolysis of ATP is used in cells

Answer 1

1. to provide energy for other reactions
2. add phosphate to other substances to make them more reactive

Question 2

describe how ATP is resynthesised in cells

Answer 2

condensation reaction of ADP and an inorganic phosphate by ADP synthase during respiration/photosynthesis

Question 3

why is ATP a good energy source for cells to use?

Answer 3

• releases energy instantaneously
• can be rapidly re- synthesised

Question 4

what is the equation for the synthesis of ATP?

Answer 4

ADP + Pi —> ATP + H2O

Question 5

what are the components of ATP?

Answer 5

Adenine, Ribose/Pentose sugar & 3 phosphates

Question 6

why do humans produce so much ATP?

Answer 6

it cannot be stored
it only releases a small amount of energy at a time

Question 7

what properties of ATP make it a suitable source of energy for biological processes

Answer 7

soluble
energy released in small amounts

Question 8

give two advantages of ATP as an energy storage molecule within a cell

Answer 8

• releases energy instantaneously
• releases small amount of energy at a time

Question 9

when glucose is respired what happens to the energy NOT incorporated into ATP?

Answer 9

lost as heat

Question 10

describe the structure of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 10

nucleotide derivative of adenine (base and ribose sugar) with 3 phosphate groups

Question 11

explain the role of ATP in cells

Answer 11

ATP hydrolase catalyses ATP + Pi
- energy released is coupled to metabolic reactions
- phosphate group phosphorylates compounds to make them more reactive