Cell Organelles - Sheet1 Flashcards
mitochondrion
bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA
vacuole
organelle used to store materials such as food, water, enzymes and ions, that are needed by the cell
lysosome
organelle that 1) contains enzymes, 2) defends a cell against bacteria and viruses, 3) breaks down damaged or worn-out cell parts
centriole
small cylinder-shaped organelle made of protein tubes (microtubules) arranged in a circle; aids cell division (mitosis)
cell wall
rigid structure that gives protection, support and shape to cells in plants, algae, fungi and bacteria
chloroplast
organelle composed of many membranes used to convert solar energy into chemical energy
cytoskeleton
network of proteins, such as microtubules and microfilaments, inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell
nucleus
organelle composed of a double membrane, or phospholipid bilayer, that acts as the storehouse for most of a cell’s DNA
endoplasmic reticulum
network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process and distribute proteins
ribosome
organelle that links amino acids together to form proteins
golgi apparatus
stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort and deliver proteins
vesicle
small organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm