3A Flashcards
membrane
serve as a barrier
control what enter / leave cell
respiration > in mitochondrial membrane
photosynthesis > chloroplast membranes
nucleus
- controls cell activities + contains |DNA
- nucleoulus: makes ribosomes
- large organelle surrounded by nuclear envelope + chromatin
lysosome
- contains digestive enzymes (digest invading cells)
- kept seperate from cytoplasm by membrane
- round organelle surrounded by membrane
ribosomes
- site where proteins made
- attatched to RER
- eukaryotic 80S (60S + 40S)
- plant 70S (50S + 30S)
RER
folds + processes protein
surface covered w ribosomes
membranes enclosed in space
SER
similar to RER > no ribosomes
synthesis + process lipids
Golgi apparatus
processes + packages new lipids + proteins
(makes lysosomes)
Grp of fluid fillied, membrane bound, flattened sacs
Mitochondrion
site of aerobic respiration (ATP produced)
oval shaped, double membrane
inner folded to form cristae
inside is matrix (enzymes involved in respiration
centriole
involved in seperation of chromosome
small, hollow cylinders made of microtubles
cell wall
prokaryotic
- strength + maintains shape
- prevents cell swelling / bursting
- ALL HAVE
parallel polysacc chains > net structure
Capsule
prokaryotic
- protect bacteria from phagocytosis by wbc
- cover cell markers on c.m > easier for bacteria to go uncrecognised by immune system
- help bacteria survive in dry conditions
- SOME HAVE
cell surface membrane
prokaryotic
- similar structure to membrane
- has mesosomes: infolding of membranes
- site of respiratory enzymes
- mesosomes: photosynthesis, cell division, enzyme activity
ALL
nucleoid
- area in bacterial cell where DNA residues
- DNA is one circular loop not bound within nucleus
- carries genetic material
- ALL
plasmids
- small circles of DNA
- reproduce themselves independently of actual cell
- transferred between one bacterium to another
- SOME
70S ribosomes
- bacteria only 70S
- 50S + 30S
- catalyses protein synthesis
