Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Design IB > 4.1 > Flashcards

4.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are physical properties of materials?

A

Materials that can be measured using non-destructive testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the physical properties of materials? (8)

A

Mass
Weight
Volume
Density
Electrical Resistivity
Thermal Conductivity
Thermal Expansion
Hardness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter contained in a space, it is constant (same regardless where it is measured) and measured in kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is volume?

A

The amount of 3-dimensional space a solid, liquid or gas occupies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is weight and its design context?

A

A force that is measured in Newtons (N) which changes depending on the gravity / Weight must be considered to optimize the ideal performance through the perspective of ergonomics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is density and its design context?

A

The relationship between mass and volume, measured in mass/volume (eg. 40kg/m2) / it is an important property where mass and volume are important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is electrical resistivity and its design context?

A

A material’s ability to conduct or resist electricity / important property for an electrical component or safety equipment being used around electricity. The material will either need to insulate (high resistance, poorly conduct electricity) or conduct (low resistance, easily conduct electricity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is thermal conductivity and its design context?

A

Measures how fast heat moves through a material / important property for objects that are intended to be heated or used around heat (eg. metal cooking utensils easily conduct heat which would be a safety hazard)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is hardness?

A

The resistance of a material to scratching or penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is thermal expansion and its design context?

A

The degree to which a material increases its dimensions when heated / important property to consider when joining two different metals together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are mechanical properties of materials?

A

Materials that are usually measured through destructive testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the mechanical properties of materials?

A

Tensile strength
Compressive strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Ductility
Elasticity
Plasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is tensile strength and its design context?

A

The ability of a material to resist pulling forces / important performance consideration for designs that need to resist pulling (eg. elevator cables/ cables in suspension bridges need high tensile strength to function safely)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is compressive strength and its design context?

A

The ability of a material to resist pushing forces / important when selecting materials that need to support heavy loads (eg. glass, concrete)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is stiffness and its design context?

A

The ability to resist deflection (bending) by a force and maintain its shape when force is applied to it / important when the shape of an object needs to be maintained under high forces (eg. airplane wings, bicycle frames)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is toughness and its design context?

A

The ability to deform (change shape) but resist cracking and not fracture under impact / important where abrasion or cutting takes place (eg. car bumpers)

14
Q

What is ductility and its design context?

A

The ability to be drawn or extruded into a wire-like form / considered when manufacturing a material

14
Q

What is elasticity and its design context?

A

The ability of a material to bend and then return to its original shape / important to consider when the design needs to flex or bend when force is applied

15
Q

What is plasticity and its design context?

A

The ability of a material to be formed into a new shape and not return to its original shape / important consideration for plastics and metals

16
Q

What is Young’s Modulus used for?

A

Used to select appropriate materials for the design context. It indicates when a material will bend and then break.

17
Q

What is Young’s Modulus measuring?

A

It is a measure of the stiffness of an elastic material (using the ratio of stress to strain)

17
Q

How is Stress and Strain represented?

A

Plotted on a graph to represent the relationship between the amount of force applied and the materials’ changes in lengths

18
Q

What are the basic concepts of a stress-strain graph?

A

As more force is applied to the material it will go through different zones affecting its performance characteristics, until it ultimately breaks

19
Q

What is a Material Selection Chart and what is it used for?

A

It compares two material properties which are plotted on the chart and displayed in groups

20
Q

What are the aesthetic properties of materials? (5)

A

Form and shape
Sound (that a material makes when touched impacts user experience)
Smell (connection to memory/ unhealthy materials)
Texture (smooth/ textured)
Appearance (color/ pattern)

20
Q

What are aesthetic properties of materials?

A

Properties related to beauty and pleasure derived from a material

21
Q

What are smart materials?

A

They are reactive materials, meaning they change their properties when exposed to certain stimuli

22
Q

What are the properties of smart materials? (6)

A

Piezoelectricity
Shape memory
Photochromacity
Magneto-rheostatic
Electro-rheostatic
Thermoelectricity

23
Q

What is piezoelectricity?

A

The ability to release an electric charge when deformed / when an electric current is passed through, its volume will increase or vibrate (eg. airbags)

24
Q

What is shape memory?

A

Having a pseudo-elastic property that allows them to return to its original shape after deforming (stimulated by a change in temperature/ electrical current)

25
Q

What is photochromicity?

A

The ability to change color when exposed to light

26
Q

What is electro-rheostatic?

A

Fluids that experience a change in viscosity (thickness) when an electric force is applied

27
Q

What is magneto-rheostatic?

A

Fluids that experience a change in viscosity (thickness) when an magnetic force is applied

28
Q

What is thermoelectricity?

A

When two different conductors are joined to generate electricity when heat is applied

29
Q

Scratch tests

A

Mohs scale (minerals), Bierbaum (ceramics), Pencil test(plastics)

Design IB (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions