4B Cellular Transport Landes Flashcards
What is passive transport?
When particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy; goes with the concentration gradient
What is active transport?
When particles move from an area of low concentration to high concentration by USING energy; goes AGAINST the concentration gradient
What is diffusion?
A type of passive transport, so it does not use energy
What is facilitated diffusion?
Passive transport that moves particles that are too big to fit through the phospholipid bilayer through a carrier protein, from an area of high concentration to low concentration
What is endocytosis?
Bulk transport of a large number of particles into the cell; this process requires energy so it is active
What is exocytosis?
Bulk transport of a large number of particles out of the cell; this process requires energy so it is active
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
To determine what goes in and out of the cell; it has to maintain homeostasis of the cell
What is homeostasis?
balance or an organism’s fight to keep a constant state in a changing environment
What is a phospholipid?
It is a type of lipid that makes up the cell membrane
What is the phospholipid bilayer?
two layers of phospholipids, hydrophilic (water-loving) phospholipids face out, hydrophobic (water fearing) phospholipids face in
What is osmosis?
movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane; passive transport because water moves from high water concentration to low water concentration
What is a hypertonic solution?
a solution that has a higher solute concentration outside of the cell, cell shrinks because water leaves the cell
What is a hypotonic solution?
a solution that has a lower solute concentration outside of the cell, cell swells because water enters the cell
What is a isotonic solution?
a solution that has a equal solute concentration outside of the cell, cell stays the same because water moves in and out at the same rate
What does “semi-permeable” mean?
Only certain things can go in and out. Just like a bouncer at a club, or your parents at your house!
