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REVOLUTIONARY WAR > RevolituojnaR7Y. WAR > Flashcards

RevolituojnaR7Y. WAR Flashcards

1
Q

Earthwork

A

A wall made of Earth and stone

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2
Q

Olive branch

A

An ancient symbol of peace

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3
Q

Independence

A

The freedom to govern one’s own

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4
Q

Resolution

A

A formal group statement

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5
Q

Preamble

A

An introduction or first part

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6
Q

Grievance

A

A complaint

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7
Q

Patriot

A

A colonist who was against British rule and supported the rebel cause in the American colonies

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8
Q

Loyalist

A

A person who remained loyal to the British king

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9
Q

Neutral

A

Not choosing a side in disagreement

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10
Q

Profiteering

A

Charging an extra-high price for a good or service

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11
Q

Enlist

A

To sign up or join

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12
Q

Mercenaries

A

A soldier who serves for pay in the military of a foreign nation

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13
Q

Negotiate

A

To try to reach an agreement among different people

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14
Q

Civilian

A

A person who is not in the military

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15
Q

Traitor

A

Someone who acts against his or her own country

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16
Q

George Washington

A

Leader of the Continental Army during the revolutionary war

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17
Q

John Hancock

A

A leader of the Second Continental Congress. He wrote his name really big on the declaration

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18
Q

JOhn Dickinson

A

Member of the Continental Congress who helped write the ARticles of Confederation

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19
Q

THomas Paine

A

Wrote Common Sense which led many Americans to favor in independence

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20
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

Was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence

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21
Q

Richard Henry Lee

A

He convinced Congress to be Independent from Britain

22
Q

Sybil Ludington

A

Rode 40 miles to warn Americans of a British attack

23
Q

Deborah Sampson

A

She disguised herself as a man to fight in the American Revolution

24
Q

Margaret Corbin

A

WAs the first woman recognized a veteran by congress

25
Q

Marquis de LAFAYETTE

A

French soldier who worked alongside the Americans in the Revolutionary War

26
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Continental Army officer who later became a traitor and worked for the British during the Revolutionary War

27
Q

Friedrich Willhelm Von Steuben

A

German soldier who helped train they Americans in the Revolutionary War

28
Q

JOhn Paul Jones

A

American naval officer in the revolutionary war

29
Q

Mary Ludwig Hays (Molly Pitcher)

A

Brought water to soldiers, took her husband’s place in battle, was first woman named officer

30
Q

Nathanael Greene

A

Continental Army officer who led the Americans to major victory against the British at Cowpens

31
Q

Charles Cornwallis

A

British General who surrendered to the Americans at Yorktown

32
Q

What was the Second Continental Congress?

What were the four important decisions they made?

A

It was the second time that Congress met. They formed the Continental Army, George Washington was named the army’s commander in chief, They would prepare for war, and Congress stated printing Continentals, the colonies paper money.

33
Q

What happened at the Battle of Bunker Hill?

(WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE WHY Significance

A

Who: British General William Howe, William Prescott

What: The colonists sent back the British twice, but the Colonists ran out of ammunition

When: June 17, 1775

Where: Breed’s Hill

34
Q

After the Battle, what didn’t the British realize about the colonists?

A

The British realized it would be much harder than they thought to win the battle after retreating two times before the colonists ran out of ammunition

35
Q

What was the Olive Branch Petition? What happened as a result of the petition (what was King George’s response)?

A

It was a petition asking for peace sent to the King from Congress. KIng George said he would do whatever is necessary to crush the colonists’ rebellion

36
Q

Who wrote Common Sense?

What was its purpose?

A

Thomas Paine

Paine wrote that the colonists should rule themselves

37
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

On July 4, 1776 Congress voted to accept the Declarations’s final wording.
There were four sections of the declaration

  1. Preamble-Jefferson told why the declaration was needed and explained why the colonies had the right to break away from Britain and form a new nation.
  2. The next part of the declaration describes the colonists’ main ideas about government and that people have certain rights that governments can’t take away. Jefferson wrote that everyone had the right of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
  3. The third part was the longest part of the declaration. It was grievances against King George and Parliament. It listed that the colonists had tried to settle their differences against the King peacefully.
  4. The last part stated that the colonies were free and independent states.

The Articles of Confederation was the first written plan of government for the colonies.

Some effects were that Congress lost money because they could only ask the states for money. Only 9 out of 13 states had to approve a law, representatives rarely agreed. The Articles of Confederation left most power to the states so they weren’t an overpowering country.

38
Q

Difference between Patriot, Loyalist, and Neutral

A

Patriot- wanted independence
Loyalist- was loyal to the king and was against independence
Neutral- didn’t care who won the war and wanted it to be over; didn’t choose a side

39
Q

Why did African Americans fight in the war

A

They would get a return of freedom for fighting in the war

40
Q

How did women help to support the war

A

THey would bring soldiers food. THEY would care for soldiers wounds. Sometimes, they would even fight in the war, or take their husband’s place.

41
Q

What were some hardships that Americans faced in their daily life during the war

A

THe Continental Army had almost no money. That meant they couldn’t pay for food. They had no warmth and wore rags on their feet. Many soldiers wanted to quit in the cold conditions.

42
Q

Differences between the Continental Army and the British

A

THe British fought marching slowly in straight lines, leader drummed loudly in the open
The AMericans hid behind trees, rocks, earthworks, fences

The British wore bright red coats, and all had weapons
The Americans wore everyday clothes, almost none had guns

43
Q

Who helped the BRITISH ARMY

A

HESSIANS, German soldiers that were hired Mercenaries

44
Q

How did the Americans win at the battle at Trenton

A

George Washington planned a sneak attack on the Hessians on Christmas, 1776. This would include crossing the Delaware River, then walking 9 miles to Trenton. THe HESSIANS were asleep and partying, they were not expecting it and the battle was over in two hours.

45
Q

Why is the battle of Saratoga important

A

It was the turning point of the war because it looked like the colonists might have a chance of winning the war

46
Q

What was life like for the continental army at Valley Forge

A

First off it was freezing and it was winter. The colonists would sit on their hats so they wouldn’t get frostbite. Many soldiers didn’t have shoes. They had almost no food. They had no blankets or warmth.

47
Q

What countries helped the Americans? How did they help?

A

SPain-declared war on Britain
Netherlands- gave a loan to Congress
Russia- Russian leaders tried to keep the British from blocking trade with the Americans

48
Q

WHo are some people that came from other countries to the the Americans during the war
How did they help

A

Bernardo de Gálvez- governor of Spanish Louisiana, Gave guns, food, money to the Americans.
LAter his troops captured many British forts
Jorge Farragut- came from Spain to fight for the AMericans

49
Q

Why did the war move to the South? WHat were some important battles in the south?

A

They learned the French were helping the Americans, they had already captured many cities in the north

Cowpens- The battle proved that the American forces could defeat the British in the south

Guliford Courthouse- British won, but were terribly weakened by the battle

50
Q

How and Where did the war end?

A

The war ended at Yorktown on October 19,1781. The Americans attacked by land, French by sea. Charles Cornwallis gave up on October 19, 1781

51
Q

What is the treaty of Paris and what did it do

A

The treaty of Paris was a written document that both American leaders and Parliament signed in Paris, France saying that America was now a new country.

52
Q

Commander in Chief

A

A person who is in control of all the armed forces

REVOLUTIONARY WAR (1 decks)

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