Ch. 11 & 12

Question 1

Asia to Europe had the bubonic plague that was spread by the black rats infested with fleas

Answer 1

Black Death

Question 2

King Philip VI of France seized Gascony in 1337, the duke of Gascony (King Edward III of England) declared war on Philip. War between England and France.

Answer 2

Hundred Years’ War

Question 3

Experienced visions that made her believe that her favorite saints commanded her to free France and have the dauphin crowned king. She brought the war to a decisive turning point, but did not live to see the end of the war. She was brought up on charges of witchcraft and burned at the stake. Was later made saint of the Roman Catholic Church

Answer 3

Joan of Arc

Question 4

The representatives of the Shires and Boroughs who were considered less important than the lay and ecclesiastical lords, held collective meetings to decide policy

Answer 4

House of Commons

Question 5

The great council of barons evolved into a body composed of the chief bishops and abbots of the realm and aristocratic peers whose position in Parliament was hereditary

Answer 5

House of Lords

Question 6

Document that instated 4 princes and 3 ecclesiastical rulers who served as electors

Answer 6

Golden Bull

Question 7

The northern Italian State had grown rich from commercial activity in the eastern Mediterranean and northern Europe

Answer 7

Republic of Venice

Question 8

Part of the Holy Roman Empire but close to France. Many cardinals and the pope lived here which led to highly vocal criticism of both clergy and papacy in the fourteenth century

Answer 8

Avignon

Question 9

Urban VI and Clement VII were both crowned as pope. This caused great division in the church; Crisis in the late medieval church when there were 3 popes

Answer 9

Great Schism

Question 10

Saintly demeanor and claims of visions from God. Led the city of Florence to send her on a mission to Pope Gregory XI in Avignon. She told the pope that God has given him authority and he accepted it, so he must use it. Otherwise he should resign since it’d be more honorable to God. Gregory XI returned to Rome and died soon after.

Answer 10

Catherine of Siena

Question 11

Wrote the Divine Comedy, a poem

Answer 11

Dante Alighieri

Question 12

Wrote a collection of stories called The Canterbury Tales

Answer 12

Geoffrey Caucer

Question 13

Time-keeping devices

Answer 13

Clock

Question 14

Made by Europeans with gunpowder

Answer 14

Cannon

Question 15

rebirth of classical culture

Answer 15

Renaissance

Question 16

A commercial and military league all throughout Europe that traded with Germany.

Answer 16

Hanseatic League

Question 17

Greatest banking family in Europe

Answer 17

Medici

Question 18

Written for the people of the court, nobility, and elite. Talks about what the personality/preparation/background of someone who is going to serve as a leader in society.

Answer 18

Book of the Courtier

Question 19

Lay central in Italy which was mainly under control of the popes.

Answer 19

Italian States

Question 20

Capital city of France

Answer 20

Florence

Question 21

Wrote The Prince - written for princes/dukes/rulers. About political philosophy, what the lifestyle of a leader should be, and emphasized separation of church and state. Entered Florence after Medici was expelled and made numerous diplomatic missions.

Answer 21

Niccolo Machiavelli

Question 22

Italian poet; father of Italian renaissance humanism

Answer 22

Petrarch

Question 23

Aided development of printing; movable typed Bible

Answer 23

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 24

Innovators; they wanted to be known and making a living for their art and be recognized for it, whereas before the art was just meant for the church; Leonardo Da Vinci; Raphael; Michelangelo were crucial

Answer 24

Renaissance artists

Question 25

Painted the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper

Answer 25

Leonardo Da Vinci

Question 26

The School of Athens; painting with Plato and Aristotle; known for his frescoes in the Vatican Palace

Answer 26

Raphael

Question 27

Created David; The Descent from the Cross (three men helping Christ down from the cross - one of the men’s faces is the artists, which is something that would never happen with Medieval art). Known for the Sistine Chapel

Answer 27

Michelangelo

Question 28

Northern artist who was greatly affected by the Italians; from Nurembag

Answer 28

Albrecht Durer

Question 29

Prince of Russia, established the state of Moscow

Answer 29

Ivan III

Question 30

Eastern Europe led by Constantinople

Answer 30

Byzantine Empire

Question 31

Created wars, called for the reform in Bohemia when Lollard traveled to English-Bohemia

Answer 31

John Hus