Fruits

Question 1

Dry Fruits

Answer 1

Fruits one-seeded and indehiscent

Question 2

Achene

Answer 2

seed coat and ovary wall are attached at only a single point (ex: sunflower “seed”)

Question 3

Caryopsis (Grain)

Answer 3

seed coat and ovary wall are completely fused throughout their length (ex: corn kernel)

Question 4

Samara

Answer 4

a dry, single-seeded winged fruit (ex: elm or ash fruits)

Question 5

Nut

Answer 5

derived from a syncarpous gynoecium but single-seeded by abortion (ex: acorn)

Question 6

Schizocarp

Answer 6

derived from a syncarpous gynoecium but separating into 1-seeded segments at maturity (the individual segments are termed mericarps)

Question 7

Capsule

Answer 7

derived from a syncarpous gynoecium and typically several- to many- seeded; different capsule types are distinguished by their manner of dehiscence

Question 8

Silique

Answer 8

derived from a 2-carpellate gynoecium, the two halves of the fruit separating from a persistent papery partition, the replum (characteristic of the mustard family)

Question 9

Follicle

Answer 9

derived from a unicarpellate gynoecium and dehiscing along only one side (ex: milkweeds)

Question 10

Legume

Answer 10

derived from a unicarpellate gynoecium and dehiscing longitudinally along two sides (characteristic of the legume family)

Question 11

Loment

Answer 11

derived from a unicarpellate gynoecium and dehiscing transversely between the seeds (characteristic of the legume family)

Question 12

• Drupe
• Berry
• Hesperidium

Answer 12

• Drupe – single-seeded
• Berry – 2- to many-seeded
• Hesperidium – berry with a leathery rind and internal septa (partitions); term usually restricted to the genus Citrus

Question 13

• Pepo

* Pome

Answer 13

• Pepo – a berry with a leathery rind and no internal septa; term usually restricted to members of the gourd family
• Pome – derived from an inferior ovary and the flesh developing from expanded hypanthium tissue

Question 14

• Accessory fruit

* Aggregate fruit

Answer 14

• Accessory fruit – fruit formed from the expanded receptacle of a single flower; known only in the strawberry and the false strawberry
• Aggregate fruit – formed by the coalescence of many separate true fruits in a single flower

Question 15

• Multiple fruit

* Syconium

Answer 15

• Multiple fruit – formed by the coalescence of many separate true fruits in a single inflorescence
• Syconium – formed from a hollow, vase-like inflorescence with flowers lining the inner surface; known only in the fig